protein
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From proto- + -ein. Suggested by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in a letter to Gerardus Johannes Mulder, from French protéine and German Protein, both coined based on Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos, “primary”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɹəʊ.ti.ɪn/, /ˈpɹəʊ.tiːn/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈpɹoʊ.tiːn/
- (US, dated) IPA(key): /ˈpɹoʊ.ti.ɪn/
Audio (US): (file)
Noun
[edit]protein (countable and uncountable, plural proteins)
- (biochemistry, countable) Any of numerous large, complex naturally-produced molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, in which the amino acid groups are held together by peptide bonds.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:protein
- Meronym: amino acid
- 2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 534:
- Proteins carry out the bulk of cellular functions, including relaying signals, providing structural support, and accelerating biochemical reactions.
- 2017 December 18, Ashley Strickland, “Mystery condition gives way to bright future for 10-year-old”, in CNN[1]:
- Because of her significant testing, Avery had had DNA sequencing of her “exome,” the part of her genome that makes proteins in the body, said Dr. Michael Wangler, a researcher at the Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital.
- (nutrition, uncountable) One of three major classes of food or source of food energy (4 kcal/gram) abundant in animal-derived foods (meat) and some vegetables, such as legumes.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:protein
- Coordinate terms: carbohydrate, fat
- 2025 April 15, Andrea Kane, “How to boost protein in your diet, without losing other nutrients. 5 tips from an expert”, in CNN[2]:
- Along with carbohydrates and fat, protein is one of the three main macronutrients that make up our diet. Furthermore, it is the only macronutrient that supplies us with amino acids, making it essential for survival.
- (nutrition, countable) A food rich in protein, often a meat or meat substitute.
- 2015 April 29, Mandy Unanski Enright, “One Meal, Two Proteins”, in Nutrition Nuptials[3], archived from the original on 11 April 2019:
- The preparation style should be the same for both proteins so that the side dishes compliment the meal.
- 2017, Daphne's California Greek, Catering Menu[4]:
- Served with seasoned rice, classic Greek salad, pita, tzatziki, choice of 2 proteins & 2 sides
- 2018 May 31, Mary Kekatos, Daily Mail[5]:
- What should you get for lunch at a halal cart? Nutritionists explain how to pick a protein that isn't packed with calories and why you should beware the white sauce
Derived terms
[edit]- acute-phase protein
- alloprotein
- animal protein factor
- apoprotein
- azoprotein
- Bence Jones protein
- bioprotein
- bone morphogenetic protein
- calciprotein
- carrier protein
- cerebroprotein
- checkpoint protein
- chondroprotein
- chromoprotein
- cI protein
- cobaltoprotein
- complement protein
- complete protein
- conjugated protein
- corticoprotein
- C-reactive protein
- cryoprotein
- cuproprotein
- cystoprotein
- cytoprotein
- dyslipoproteinaemia
- dysproteinaemia
- ectoprotein
- ERM protein family
- exoprotein
- extrinsic protein
- ferroprotein
- fetoprotein
- flavoprotein
- fluoroprotein
- fusion protein
- galactoprotein
- glial fibrillary acidic protein
- glycoprotein
- G-protein
- G protein
- green fluorescent protein
- GTP-binding protein
- heat shock protein
- hemeprotein
- hemiprotein
- hepatoprotein
- heteroprotein
- holoprotein
- homeoprotein
- homoprotein
- human seminal plasma protein hypersensitivity
- hydrolyzed vegetable protein
- immunoprotein
- integral membrane protein
- interprotein
- intraprotein
- intrinsic protein
- iron-sulfur protein
- iron-sulphur protein
- isoprotein
- lactoprotein
- leaf protein
- leaf protein concentrate
- lipoprotein
- lymphoprotein
- macroprotein
- mannoprotein
- matrix protein
- megaprotein
- melanoprotein
- membrane protein
- metalloprotein
- metaprotein
- microprotein
- miniprotein
- molybdoprotein
- motor protein
- mucoprotein
- multiprotein
- mutant protein
- mutein
- mycoprotein
- myelin protein zero
- myoprotein
- naked protein
- nascent protein
- neuroprotein
- nitroprotein
- nitrosoprotein
- nonprotein
- normoprotein
- nucleoprotein
- oncoprotein
- paraprotein
- peripheral membrane protein
- phosphoprotein
- photoprotein
- phytoprotein
- plasma protein
- pneumoprotein
- polyprotein
- preprotein
- prion protein
- proats
- pro-protein
- proprotein
- protease
- proteinaceous
- proteinase
- proteinate
- protein binder
- protein chain
- protein complex
- protein domain
- proteinemia
- proteinic
- protein isolate
- protein kinase
- proteinless
- proteinlike
- proteinogenesis
- proteinogenic
- proteinogram
- proteinoid
- proteinomics
- proteinomimetic
- proteinopathy
- proteinoplast
- proteinosis
- proteinous
- protein phosphorylation
- protein powder
- protein shake
- protein sorting
- protein subunit
- proteinuria
- proteome
- proteomics
- proteose
- protomer
- protose
- pseudoprotein
- quinohaemoprotein
- quinoprotein
- retinoblastoma protein
- riboprotein
- Rieske protein
- scaffold protein
- scleroprotein
- selenoprotein
- seroprotein
- single-strand binding protein
- spike protein
- S-protein
- storage protein
- SUMO protein
- superprotein
- tau protein
- textured vegetable protein
- transmembrane protein
- transport protein
- transprotein
- vanadium-associated protein
- xanthoprotein
- xenoprotein
- xylosylprotein
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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References
[edit]- ^ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Protein”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.
Further reading
[edit]protein on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
protein on Wikiversity.Wikiversity
Anagrams
[edit]Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]protein m inan
- (biochemistry) protein
- Synonym: bílkovina
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “protein”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “protein”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “protein”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos) + -in.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]protein n (singular definite proteinet, plural indefinite proteiner)
- (biochemistry) protein
- Synonyms: proteinstof, æggehvidestof, æggehvide
Declension
[edit]neuter gender |
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | protein | proteinet | proteiner | proteinerne |
genitive | proteins | proteinets | proteiners | proteinernes |
References
[edit]- “protein” in Den Danske Ordbog
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]protein (plural proteinek)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | protein | proteinek |
accusative | proteint | proteineket |
dative | proteinnek | proteineknek |
instrumental | proteinnel | proteinekkel |
causal-final | proteinért | proteinekért |
translative | proteinné | proteinekké |
terminative | proteinig | proteinekig |
essive-formal | proteinként | proteinekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | proteinben | proteinekben |
superessive | proteinen | proteineken |
adessive | proteinnél | proteineknél |
illative | proteinbe | proteinekbe |
sublative | proteinre | proteinekre |
allative | proteinhez | proteinekhez |
elative | proteinből | proteinekből |
delative | proteinről | proteinekről |
ablative | proteintől | proteinektől |
non-attributive possessive – singular |
proteiné | proteineké |
non-attributive possessive – plural |
proteinéi | proteinekéi |
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | proteinem | proteinjeim |
2nd person sing. | proteined | proteinjeid |
3rd person sing. | proteinje | proteinjei |
1st person plural | proteinünk | proteinjeink |
2nd person plural | proteinetek | proteinjeitek |
3rd person plural | proteinjük | proteinjeik |
References
[edit]- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- protein in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch proteïne, from French protéine and German Protein, both coined based on Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos, “primary”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]protéin (plural protein-protein)
Alternative forms
[edit]- protin (Standard Malay)
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “protein” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Noun
[edit]protein n (definite singular proteinet, indefinite plural protein or proteiner, definite plural proteina or proteinene)
References
[edit]- “protein” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Noun
[edit]protein n (definite singular proteinet, indefinite plural protein, definite plural proteina)
References
[edit]- “protein” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Swedish
[edit]Noun
[edit]protein n (uncountable)
- (biochemistry) protein
- Synonym: äggviteämne
Declension
[edit]nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | protein | proteins |
definite | proteinet | proteinets | |
plural | indefinite | — | — |
definite | — | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from French protéine.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]protein (definite accusative proteini, plural proteinler)
Declension
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [pɹo˧˧ te˧˧ ʔin˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [pɹow˧˧ tej˧˧ ʔin˧˧]
- (Saigon) IPA(key): [pɹow˧˧ tej˧˧ ʔɨn˧˧]
- Phonetic spelling: prô tê in
Noun
[edit]protein
- (biochemistry) protein
- Synonym: chất đạm
- English terms prefixed with proto-
- English terms suffixed with -ein
- English terms borrowed from French
- English terms derived from French
- English terms derived from German
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English 3-syllable words
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with homophones
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Biochemistry
- English terms with quotations
- en:Nutrition
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- cs:Biochemistry
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- Danish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Danish terms suffixed with -in
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- da:Biochemistry
- Hungarian terms derived from English
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/in
- Rhymes:Hungarian/in/3 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- hu:Biochemistry
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from French
- Indonesian terms derived from German
- Indonesian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɪn
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɪn/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Indonesian/n
- Rhymes:Indonesian/n/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Biochemistry
- id:Nutrition
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål neuter nouns
- nb:Biochemistry
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk neuter nouns
- nn:Biochemistry
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- Swedish uncountable nouns
- sv:Biochemistry
- Turkish terms borrowed from French
- Turkish terms derived from French
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- tr:Biochemistry
- Vietnamese terms borrowed from French
- Vietnamese terms derived from French
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- vi:Biochemistry
- vi:Nutrition