protoplasm

English

Etymology

From German Protoplasma, coined by Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkyně, from Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + πλάσμα (plásma, “something molded”). By surface analysis, proto- +‎ -plasm. Compare also protoplasma, used in Late Latin for the “first-created one” (i.e. Adam).

Pronunciation

• Audio (US):

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Noun

protoplasm (countable and uncountable, plural protoplasms)

1. (cytology) The entire contents of a cell comprising the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is a semi-fluid, transparent substance which is the living matter of plant and animal cells.

Derived terms

• protoplasmal
• protoplasmatic
• protoplasmic

Translations

entire contents of a cell

• Bulgarian: протопла́зма f (protoplázma)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 原形質 / 原形质 (zh) (yuánxíngzhì), 原生質 / 原生质 (zh) (yuánshēngzhì)

• Czech: protoplazma (cs) f
• Dutch: protoplasma (nl) n
• Finnish: alkulima (fi), protoplasma (fi)
• French: protoplasme (fr) m
• German: Protoplasma (de) n
• Greek: πρωτόπλασμα (el) n (protóplasma)
• Icelandic: frymi (is) n
• Indonesian: protoplasma (id)
• Irish: prótaplasma m, réamhdhamhna m
• Italian: protoplasma (it) m
• Japanese: 原形質 (ja) (げんけいしつ, genkeishitsu)
• Polish: protoplazma (pl) f, zaródź (pl) f
• Portuguese: protoplasma m
• Russian: протопла́зма (ru) f (protoplázma)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: протопла̀зма f

  Latin: protoplàzma (sh) f

• Tagalog: mulkaphay

Further reading

• protoplasm on Wikipedia.Wikipedia