pulkka
Appearance
See also: Pulkka
Finnish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈpulkːɑ/, [ˈpulkːɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ulkːɑ
- Syllabification(key): pulk‧ka
- Hyphenation(key): pulk‧ka
Etymology 1
[edit]
Uncertain; related to Proto-Samic *pulkkē, which is probably borrowed from Finnish. Has been compared with pulkka (etymology 2) based on the shape, (small) size or through the presence of a seat that would have been made of a wooden stick and/or referred to as that.[1]
Noun
[edit]pulkka
- pulk, toboggan (flat-bottomed small sled used chiefly as a toy but also to transport goods on snow)
- Synonym: ahkio (similar, but larger)
Declension
[edit]| Inflection of pulkka (Kotus type 10*A/koira, kk–k gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | pulkka | pulkat | |
| genitive | pulkan | pulkkien | |
| partitive | pulkkaa | pulkkia | |
| illative | pulkkaan | pulkkiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | pulkka | pulkat | |
| accusative | nom. | pulkka | pulkat |
| gen. | pulkan | ||
| genitive | pulkan | pulkkien pulkkain rare | |
| partitive | pulkkaa | pulkkia | |
| inessive | pulkassa | pulkissa | |
| elative | pulkasta | pulkista | |
| illative | pulkkaan | pulkkiin | |
| adessive | pulkalla | pulkilla | |
| ablative | pulkalta | pulkilta | |
| allative | pulkalle | pulkille | |
| essive | pulkkana | pulkkina | |
| translative | pulkaksi | pulkiksi | |
| abessive | pulkatta | pulkitta | |
| instructive | — | pulkin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
Descendants
[edit]- → English: pulk
- → Karelian:
- North Karelian: pulkka (dialectal)
- → Norwegian Bokmål: pulk
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: pulk
- → Proto-Samic: *pulkkē (see there for further descendants)
- → Swedish: pulka
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “pulkka2”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “1. pulkka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 6 January 2026
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *pulkka (compare Estonian pulk, Livonian pūlka, Votic pulkkõ).
Noun
[edit]pulkka
- tally, tally stick (piece of wood on which notches or scores were cut, as the marks of number)
- Synonym: pirkka
- päivä on pulkassa (idiom) ― the day's work is done (literally, “the day is on the tally stick”)
- Eiköhän panna päivä pulkkaan. ― Let's call it a day, shall we?
- (dialectal) stick, billet, baton
Declension
[edit]| Inflection of pulkka (Kotus type 10*A/koira, kk–k gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | pulkka | pulkat | |
| genitive | pulkan | pulkkien | |
| partitive | pulkkaa | pulkkia | |
| illative | pulkkaan | pulkkiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | pulkka | pulkat | |
| accusative | nom. | pulkka | pulkat |
| gen. | pulkan | ||
| genitive | pulkan | pulkkien pulkkain rare | |
| partitive | pulkkaa | pulkkia | |
| inessive | pulkassa | pulkissa | |
| elative | pulkasta | pulkista | |
| illative | pulkkaan | pulkkiin | |
| adessive | pulkalla | pulkilla | |
| ablative | pulkalta | pulkilta | |
| allative | pulkalle | pulkille | |
| essive | pulkkana | pulkkina | |
| translative | pulkaksi | pulkiksi | |
| abessive | pulkatta | pulkitta | |
| instructive | — | pulkin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of pulkka (Kotus type 10*A/koira, kk–k gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
[edit]compounds
Further reading
[edit]- “2. pulkka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 6 January 2026
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *pulkka. Cognates include Finnish pulkka and Estonian pulk.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpulkːɑ/, [ˈpuɫkː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpulkːɑ/, [ˈpuɫkːɑ]
- Rhymes: -ulkː, -ulkːɑ
- Hyphenation: pulk‧ka
- Homophone: bulkka
Noun
[edit]pulkka
Declension
[edit]| Declension of pulkka (type 3/koira, kk-k gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | pulkka | pulkat |
| genitive | pulkan | pulkkiin |
| partitive | pulkkaa | pulkkia |
| illative | pulkkaa | pulkkii |
| inessive | pulkaas | pulkiis |
| elative | pulkast | pulkist |
| allative | pulkalle | pulkille |
| adessive | pulkaal | pulkiil |
| ablative | pulkalt | pulkilt |
| translative | pulkaks | pulkiks |
| essive | pulkkanna, pulkkaan | pulkkinna, pulkkiin |
| exessive1) | pulkkant | pulkkint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 436
Categories:
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ulkːɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ulkːɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish terms with unknown etymologies
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms with collocations
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish dialectal terms
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ulkː
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ulkː/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ulkːɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ulkːɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian terms with homophones
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- izh:Fasteners
