purger

English

Etymology

From purge +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

• Homophone: perjure

Noun

purger (plural purgers)

1. One who, or that which, purges or cleanses.
   1. A cathartic medicine.
      • 1728, Of Bathing in the Hot-baths, at Bathe:

        The Aix-la-Chapelle Waters are drunk at this Day, more as Purgers, and Preparatives for the Spaw, […]

Synonyms

• purgative

French

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥

Proto-Italic *pūr

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti

Proto-Italic *agō

Proto-Italic *pūragō

Latin pūrgō

Old French purgier

Middle French purgier

French purger

Inherited from Old French purgier, from Latin pūrgō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pyʁ.ʒe/

• Audio (Somain, France):

  (file)

• Audio (Vosges, France):

  (file)

Verb

purger

1. (medicine) to purge
2. (law) to serve (a sentence)
3. to bleed (remove air bubbles from a pipe containing other fluids)

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written purge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of purger (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	purger
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	purgeant /pyʁ.ʒɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		purgé /pyʁ.ʒe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	purge /pyʁʒ/	purges /pyʁʒ/	purge /pyʁʒ/	purgeons /pyʁ.ʒɔ̃/	purgez /pyʁ.ʒe/	purgent /pyʁʒ/
	imperfect	purgeais /pyʁ.ʒɛ/	purgeais /pyʁ.ʒɛ/	purgeait /pyʁ.ʒɛ/	purgions /pyʁ.ʒjɔ̃/	purgiez /pyʁ.ʒje/	purgeaient /pyʁ.ʒɛ/
	past historic2	purgeai /pyʁ.ʒe/	purgeas /pyʁ.ʒa/	purgea /pyʁ.ʒa/	purgeâmes /pyʁ.ʒam/	purgeâtes /pyʁ.ʒat/	purgèrent /pyʁ.ʒɛʁ/
	future	purgerai /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁe/	purgeras /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁa/	purgera /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁa/	purgerons /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/	purgerez /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁe/	purgeront /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	purgerais /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/	purgerais /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/	purgerait /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/	purgerions /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/	purgeriez /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁje/	purgeraient /pyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	purge /pyʁʒ/	purges /pyʁʒ/	purge /pyʁʒ/	purgions /pyʁ.ʒjɔ̃/	purgiez /pyʁ.ʒje/	purgent /pyʁʒ/
	imperfect2	purgeasse /pyʁ.ʒas/	purgeasses /pyʁ.ʒas/	purgeât /pyʁ.ʒa/	purgeassions /pyʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/	purgeassiez /pyʁ.ʒa.sje/	purgeassent /pyʁ.ʒas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	purge /pyʁʒ/	—	purgeons /pyʁ.ʒɔ̃/	purgez /pyʁ.ʒe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• expurger
• pur
• purgatoire

Descendants

• → Romanian: purja

Further reading

• “purger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Latin

Verb

pūrger

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of pūrgō

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• purgar

Etymology

Borrowed from German Bürger.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pûrɡer/

Noun

pȕrger m anim (Cyrillic spelling пу̏ргер)

1. burgher
2. a citizen of Zagreb
3. (derogatory) a member of the Dinamo Zagreb ultras

Related terms

• građanin