purpura

See also: Purpura, purpurá, púrpura, purpurā, and purpură

English

Petechia and purpura on a human ankle.

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin purpura. Doublet of purple and purpure.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈpɜːpjʊɹə/

Noun

purpura (countable and uncountable, plural purpuras)

1. (pathology) The appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch when pressure is applied, caused by subdermal bleeding.

Derived terms

• anaphylactoid purpura
• Henoch-Schönlein purpura
• purpura rheumatica
• purpuric
• purpurous
• Schönlein-Henoch purpura
• thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Translations

pathological condition

• Bulgarian: пурпура f (purpura)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 紫癜 (zh) (zǐdiàn)

• Finnish: purpura (fi)
• French: purpura (fr) m
• Polish: plamica f, purpura (pl) f
• Portuguese: púrpura (pt) f
• Spanish: púrpura (es) f
• Turkish: purpura (tr)

Cebuano

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pur‧pu‧ra

Adjective

purpura

1. of the colour violet

Noun

purpura

1. the color violet

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpurpura]

Noun

purpura f

1. (pathology) purpura
2. Christmas frankincense

Declension

Declension of purpura (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	purpura	purpury
genitive	purpury	purpur
dative	purpuře	purpurám
accusative	purpuru	purpury
vocative	purpuro	purpury
locative	purpuře	purpurách
instrumental	purpurou	purpurami

Further reading

• “purpura”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “purpura”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “purpura”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin purpura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /purˈpura/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ura
• Syllabification: pur‧pu‧ra

Adjective

purpura (accusative singular purpuran, plural purpuraj, accusative plural purpurajn)

1. magenta (having a reddish-purple color)

Related terms

• viola

See also

Colors in Esperanto · koloroj (layout · text)

blanka	griza	nigra
ruĝa; karmezina	oranĝokolora; oranĝkolora; oranĝo; bruna	flava; kremkolora
limekolora	verda
cejanblua; turkisa	lazura	blua
violkolora; viola; indiga	magenta; purpura	rozokolora

Further reading

• “purpura”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN

Finnish

Alternative forms

• purppura

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin purpura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpurpurɑ/, [ˈpurpurɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -urpurɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pur‧pu‧ra
• Hyphenation^(key): pur‧pu‧ra

Noun

purpura

1. (pathology) purpura

Declension

Inflection of purpura (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		purpura	purpurat
genitive		purpuran	purpuroiden purpuroitten
partitive		purpuraa	purpuroita
illative		purpuraan	purpuroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		purpura	purpurat
accusative	nom.	purpura	purpurat
	gen.	purpuran
genitive		purpuran	purpuroiden purpuroitten purpurain rare
partitive		purpuraa	purpuroita
inessive		purpurassa	purpuroissa
elative		purpurasta	purpuroista
illative		purpuraan	purpuroihin
adessive		purpuralla	purpuroilla
ablative		purpuralta	purpuroilta
allative		purpuralle	purpuroille
essive		purpurana	purpuroina
translative		purpuraksi	purpuroiksi
abessive		purpuratta	purpuroitta
instructive		—	purpuroin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of purpura (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative purpurani purpurani accusative nom. purpurani purpurani gen. purpurani genitive purpurani purpuroideni purpuroitteni purpuraini rare partitive purpuraani purpuroitani inessive purpurassani purpuroissani elative purpurastani purpuroistani illative purpuraani purpuroihini adessive purpurallani purpuroillani ablative purpuraltani purpuroiltani allative purpuralleni purpuroilleni essive purpuranani purpuroinani translative purpurakseni purpuroikseni abessive purpurattani purpuroittani instructive — — comitative — purpuroineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative purpurasi purpurasi accusative nom. purpurasi purpurasi gen. purpurasi genitive purpurasi purpuroidesi purpuroittesi purpuraisi rare partitive purpuraasi purpuroitasi inessive purpurassasi purpuroissasi elative purpurastasi purpuroistasi illative purpuraasi purpuroihisi adessive purpurallasi purpuroillasi ablative purpuraltasi purpuroiltasi allative purpurallesi purpuroillesi essive purpuranasi purpuroinasi translative purpuraksesi purpuroiksesi abessive purpurattasi purpuroittasi instructive — — comitative — purpuroinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative purpuramme purpuramme accusative nom. purpuramme purpuramme gen. purpuramme genitive purpuramme purpuroidemme purpuroittemme purpuraimme rare partitive purpuraamme purpuroitamme inessive purpurassamme purpuroissamme elative purpurastamme purpuroistamme illative purpuraamme purpuroihimme adessive purpurallamme purpuroillamme ablative purpuraltamme purpuroiltamme allative purpurallemme purpuroillemme essive purpuranamme purpuroinamme translative purpuraksemme purpuroiksemme abessive purpurattamme purpuroittamme instructive — — comitative — purpuroinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative purpuranne purpuranne accusative nom. purpuranne purpuranne gen. purpuranne genitive purpuranne purpuroidenne purpuroittenne purpurainne rare partitive purpuraanne purpuroitanne inessive purpurassanne purpuroissanne elative purpurastanne purpuroistanne illative purpuraanne purpuroihinne adessive purpurallanne purpuroillanne ablative purpuraltanne purpuroiltanne allative purpurallenne purpuroillenne essive purpurananne purpuroinanne translative purpuraksenne purpuroiksenne abessive purpurattanne purpuroittanne instructive — — comitative — purpuroinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative purpuransa purpuransa accusative nom. purpuransa purpuransa gen. purpuransa genitive purpuransa purpuroidensa purpuroittensa purpurainsa rare partitive purpuraansa purpuroitaan purpuroitansa inessive purpurassaan purpurassansa purpuroissaan purpuroissansa elative purpurastaan purpurastansa purpuroistaan purpuroistansa illative purpuraansa purpuroihinsa adessive purpurallaan purpurallansa purpuroillaan purpuroillansa ablative purpuraltaan purpuraltansa purpuroiltaan purpuroiltansa allative purpuralleen purpurallensa purpuroilleen purpuroillensa essive purpuranaan purpuranansa purpuroinaan purpuroinansa translative purpurakseen purpuraksensa purpuroikseen purpuroiksensa abessive purpurattaan purpurattansa purpuroittaan purpuroittansa instructive — — comitative — purpuroineen purpuroinensa

Further reading

• “purpura”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin purpura. Doublet of pourpre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pyʁ.py.ʁa/

Noun

purpura m (plural purpuras)

1. (pathology) purpura

Further reading

• “purpura”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Ido

Etymology

From purpuro +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /purˈpura/

Adjective

purpura

1. (obsolete) purple

   Synonym: purpurea

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πορφύρα (porphúra, “purple-fish; purple-dye; purple cloths”), whence English porphyry.

Pronunciation

• purpura:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpʊr.pʊ.ra]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpur.pu.ra]
• purpurā:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpʊr.pʊ.raː]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpur.pu.ra]

Noun

purpura f (genitive purpurae); first declension

1. the purple-fish, a species of shellfish or mussel
   • 77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 9.60.125:

     Purpurae vivunt annis plurimum septenis. latent sicut murices circa canis ortum tricenis diebus. congregantur verno tempore mutuoque attritu lentorem cuiusdam cerae salivant.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. the color magenta or purple, associated with nobility, power and thus, luxury (see for exemple Laticlave)
   • 77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 16.62.145:

     Maior traditur mas [hedera] et corpore et folio, duriore etiam ac pinguiore et flore ad purpuram accedente; […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.273–275:

     namque uno ingentem tollit de caespite silvam,
     aureus ipse, sed in foliis, quae plurima circum
     funduntur, violae sublucet purpura nigrae

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (transferred senses):
   1. an insignia of this color, worn by the kings, high magistrates and finally, by the emperors
      • 56 BCE, Cicero, Pro Sestio 26:

        […] : de hoc nihil cogitante, nihil suspicante, eisdem operis suffragium ferentibus, est rogatum ut sedens cum purpura et sceptro et illis insignibus regiis praeconi publico subiceretur, et imperante populo Romano, qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit, rex amicus nulla iniuria commemorata, nullis rebus repetitis, cum bonis omnibus publicaretur.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 2.493–496:

        fortunatus et ille deos qui nouit agrestis
        Panaque Siluanumque senem Nymphasque sorores.
        illum non populi fasces, non purpura regum
        flexit et infidos agitans discordia fratres, […]

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   2. (pars pro re) a lofty station, high dignity

      Hypernyms: officium, munus, honor

      • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 1.79–81:

        Vestibus intactis Tarpeias itur in arces,
        et populus festo concolor ipse suo est,
        iamque novi praeeunt fasces, nova purpura fulget,
        et nova conspicuum pondera sentit ebur.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • 61 CE – 65 CE, Lucanus, Pharsalia 7.228:

        Sicci sed plurima campi
        Tetrarchae regesque tenent magnique tyranni,
        Atque omnis Latio quae servit purpura ferro.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   3. any garment of this color, not necessarily precious
      • 56 BCE, Cicero, Pro Sestio 8.19:

        Vestitus aspere nostra hac purpura plebeia ac paene fusca, capillo ita horrido ut Capua, in qua ipsa tum imaginis ornandae causa duumviratum gerebat, Seplasiam sublaturus videretur.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   4. any precious, valuable object; luxury

      Synonyms: aurum, gemmae; luxuriēs

      • c. 186 BCE, Plautus, Aulularia 2.1.48–50:

        Istas magnas factiones, animos, dotes dapsiles,
        clamores, imperia, eburata vehicla, pallas, purpuram,
        nil moror quae in servitutem sumptibus redigunt viros.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 5.1423–1424:

        Tunc igitur pelles, nunc aurum et purpura curis
        exercent hominum vitam belloque fatigant; […]

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	purpura	purpurae
genitive	purpurae	purpurārum
dative	purpurae	purpurīs
accusative	purpuram	purpurās
ablative	purpurā	purpurīs
vocative	purpura	purpurae

Related terms

• purpurāmentum
• purpurāria
• purpurārius
• purpurascō
• purpurātus
• purpurētica
• purpureus
• purpurissātus
• purpurissum
• purpurīticus
• purpurō

Descendants

• Old French:
  • French: pourpre
• Italian: porpora
• Old Occitan: porpra
  • Catalan: porpra
  • Occitan: porpra
• Old Spanish: pórpola, pórpora
• → Asturian: purpura
• → Proto-Brythonic: *porfor
  • Cornish: purpur
  • Middle Welsh: porffor
    • Welsh: porffor
• → Catalan: púrpura
• → English: purpura (learned)
• → French: purpura (learned)
• Friulian: pùrpure
• → Galician: púrpura
• → Proto-West Germanic: *purpurā (see there for further descendants)
• → Gothic: 𐍀𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍀𐌿𐍂𐌰 (paurpura)
• → Old Irish: corcur (see there for further descendants)
• → Polish: purpura
• → Portuguese: púrpura
• → Romanian: purpură
• → Russian: пурпур (purpur)
• → Spanish: púrpura

Noun

purpurā

1. ablative singular of purpura

Further reading

• “purpura”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “purpura”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "purpura", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “purpura”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “purpura”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Latvian

Noun

purpura m

1. genitive singular of purpurs

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *purpurā (“purple”).

Noun

purpura f

1. purple
2. purple cloth or raiment

Descendants

• Middle High German: purpur, purper
  • German: Purpur

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin purpura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /purˈpu.ra/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ura
• Syllabification: pur‧pu‧ra

Noun

purpura f

1. purple color
2. purple cloth
3. purple raiment
4. purple dye
5. (pathology) purpura

   Synonym: plamica

Declension

Declension of purpura

	singular
nominative	purpura
genitive	purpury
dative	purpurze
accusative	purpurę
instrumental	purpurą
locative	purpurze
vocative	purpuro

Derived terms

adjectives

• purpurowy

nouns

• purpurowiec

verbs

• purpurowieć impf
• spurpurowieć pf

Related terms

adverbs

• purpurowo

Further reading

• purpura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• purpura in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puɾˈpuɾa/ [puɾˈpu.ɾa]
• Rhymes: -uɾa
• Syllabification: pur‧pu‧ra

Verb

purpura

1. inflection of purpurar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative