renggang

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /rəŋˈɡaŋ/ [rəŋˈɡaŋ]
• Rhymes: -aŋ
• Syllabification: reng‧gang

Etymology 1

Unknown, perhaps related to ganggang (“gap; loose”).

Adjective

rênggang

1. loose (not fixed in place tightly or firmly)
2. (figurative, of a relationship) not close

Derived terms

• kerenggangan
• memperenggang
• merenggang
• merenggangi
• merenggangkan
• perenggang
• perenggangan
• renggangan

Etymology 2

From Musi renggang.

Verb

rênggang (active merenggang, passive direnggang)

1. (dialectal) to rape (to force sexual intercourse)

Further reading

• “renggang”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *rəŋɡaŋ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rəŋˈɡaŋ/ [rəŋˈɡaŋ]
• Rhymes: -əŋɡaŋ, -ŋɡaŋ, -aŋ
• Hyphenation: reng‧gang

Adjective

renggang (Jawi spelling رڠݢڠ, comparative lebih renggang, superlative paling renggang)

1. spaced apart; wide apart; gapped (having a noticeable gap, interval, or distance between parts).

   Synonyms: jarak, jarang, lebar

   Antonyms: kencang, padat, rapat, sempit

   Susunan tiang pagar itu agak renggang.

   The arrangement of fence posts is rather spaced apart.

2. loose; slack; not tight (not firmly or tightly fitted together).

   Synonym: longgar

   Antonyms: ketat, kuat, rapat

   Paku pada papan itu sudah renggang.

   The nail on that board became loose.

3. (figuratively) distant; estranged; strained (of friendship, relationships, or social ties).

   Synonyms: jauh, retak

   Antonyms: akrab, erat, intim, mesra, rapat

   Hubungan persahabatan mereka semakin renggang.

   Their friendship is becoming increasingly distant.

Verb

renggang (Jawi spelling رڠݢڠ)

1. to become spaced apart; to separate; to drift apart.

   Synonyms: menjauh, merenggang

   Dua keping papan itu mula renggang.

   The two pieces of board started to separate.

Usage notes

• In formal or written Malay, the active affixed form merenggang is much more commonly used in sentences than the bare root word.

Derived terms

Affixations

• berenggang (“to stay apart; to be separated”)
• kerenggangan (“gap; distance; estrangement”)
• memperenggang (“to widen the distance or gap between”)
• merenggang (“to become wide apart; to drift apart”)
• merenggangi (“to create distance with; to pull away from”)
• merenggangkan (“to widen a gap; to stretch; to estrange”)
• perenggang (“tool used for spacing or widening; spacer”)
• perenggangan (“stretching; widening of gaps”)
• terenggang (“loosened; spaced apart”)

Reduplications

• berenggang-renggang (“to keep a distance from one another”)
• merenggang-renggangkan (“to repeatedly stretch or widen”)
• renggang-renggang (“somewhat loose; fairly spaced apart”)

Compounds

• renggang hati (“emotionally estranged; distant in affection”)
• renggang mata (“wide mesh (of a fishing net)”)

Idioms & phrases

• tidak berenggang (“inseparable; always side by side”)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: renggang (inherited)

Further reading

• "renggang" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "renggang" at PRPM first version)