riuku

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *riuku (compare Ingrian riuku, Karelian riuku, Votic riuku and dialectal Estonian riug), probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic [Term?] (compare Old Norse þrjúgr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯ku]
• Rhymes: -iuku
• Syllabification^(key): riu‧ku
• Hyphenation^(key): riu‧ku

Noun

riuku

1. pole (delimbed and usually not debarked stem of a small tree, especially one cut to a specified length for a purpose)

   Tiipii on kartiomainen teltta, joka tehdään perinteisesti riukujen varaan asetelluista taljoista.

   A tipi is a cone-shaped tent, traditionally made of animal skins upon wooden poles.

2. (figuratively) beanstalk (tall and slim person)
3. A latrine equipped with seats by supporting poles between trees.

   Synonyms: riukula, riukukäymälä

4. (heraldry) pallet, endorse

Declension

Inflection of riuku (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k–∅ gradation)
nominative		riuku	riu’ut
genitive		riu’un	riukujen
partitive		riukua	riukuja
illative		riukuun	riukuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		riuku	riu’ut
accusative	nom.	riuku	riu’ut
	gen.	riu’un
genitive		riu’un	riukujen
partitive		riukua	riukuja
inessive		riu’ussa	riu’uissa
elative		riu’usta	riu’uista
illative		riukuun	riukuihin
adessive		riu’ulla	riu’uilla
ablative		riu’ulta	riu’uilta
allative		riu’ulle	riu’uille
essive		riukuna	riukuina
translative		riu’uksi	riu’uiksi
abessive		riu’utta	riu’uitta
instructive		—	riu’uin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of riuku (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k–∅ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative riukuni riukuni accusative nom. riukuni riukuni gen. riukuni genitive riukuni riukujeni partitive riukuani riukujani inessive riu’ussani riu’uissani elative riu’ustani riu’uistani illative riukuuni riukuihini adessive riu’ullani riu’uillani ablative riu’ultani riu’uiltani allative riu’ulleni riu’uilleni essive riukunani riukuinani translative riu’ukseni riu’uikseni abessive riu’uttani riu’uittani instructive — — comitative — riukuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative riukusi riukusi accusative nom. riukusi riukusi gen. riukusi genitive riukusi riukujesi partitive riukuasi riukujasi inessive riu’ussasi riu’uissasi elative riu’ustasi riu’uistasi illative riukuusi riukuihisi adessive riu’ullasi riu’uillasi ablative riu’ultasi riu’uiltasi allative riu’ullesi riu’uillesi essive riukunasi riukuinasi translative riu’uksesi riu’uiksesi abessive riu’uttasi riu’uittasi instructive — — comitative — riukuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative riukumme riukumme accusative nom. riukumme riukumme gen. riukumme genitive riukumme riukujemme partitive riukuamme riukujamme inessive riu’ussamme riu’uissamme elative riu’ustamme riu’uistamme illative riukuumme riukuihimme adessive riu’ullamme riu’uillamme ablative riu’ultamme riu’uiltamme allative riu’ullemme riu’uillemme essive riukunamme riukuinamme translative riu’uksemme riu’uiksemme abessive riu’uttamme riu’uittamme instructive — — comitative — riukuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative riukunne riukunne accusative nom. riukunne riukunne gen. riukunne genitive riukunne riukujenne partitive riukuanne riukujanne inessive riu’ussanne riu’uissanne elative riu’ustanne riu’uistanne illative riukuunne riukuihinne adessive riu’ullanne riu’uillanne ablative riu’ultanne riu’uiltanne allative riu’ullenne riu’uillenne essive riukunanne riukuinanne translative riu’uksenne riu’uiksenne abessive riu’uttanne riu’uittanne instructive — — comitative — riukuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative riukunsa riukunsa accusative nom. riukunsa riukunsa gen. riukunsa genitive riukunsa riukujensa partitive riukuaan riukuansa riukujaan riukujansa inessive riu’ussaan riu’ussansa riu’uissaan riu’uissansa elative riu’ustaan riu’ustansa riu’uistaan riu’uistansa illative riukuunsa riukuihinsa adessive riu’ullaan riu’ullansa riu’uillaan riu’uillansa ablative riu’ultaan riu’ultansa riu’uiltaan riu’uiltansa allative riu’ulleen riu’ullensa riu’uilleen riu’uillensa essive riukunaan riukunansa riukuinaan riukuinansa translative riu’ukseen riu’uksensa riu’uikseen riu’uiksensa abessive riu’uttaan riu’uttansa riu’uittaan riu’uittansa instructive — — comitative — riukuineen riukuinensa

Synonyms

• (beanstalk): kukkakeppi
• (type of latrine): riukula, riukukäymälä

Coordinate terms

• ranka
• salko
• seiväs

Derived terms

compounds

• aitariuku
• riukuaita
• riukukota

Further reading

• “riuku”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

Anagrams

• kiuru, kuiru, kuuri

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *riuku. Cognates include Finnish riuku and dialectal Estonian riug.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯kŭ̥]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯ɡ̊u]
• Rhymes: -iu̯ku
• Hyphenation: riu‧ku

Noun

riuku

1. pole
2. fence rail

Declension

Declension of riuku (type 4/koivu, iuk-ivv gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	riuku	rivvut
genitive	rivvun	riukuin, riukuloin
partitive	riukua	riukuja, riukuloja
illative	riukuu	riukui, riukuloihe
inessive	rivvuus	rivvuis, riukulois
elative	rivvust	rivvuist, riukuloist
allative	rivvulle	rivvuille, riukuloille
adessive	rivvuul	rivvuil, riukuloil
ablative	rivvult	rivvuilt, riukuloilt
translative	rivvuks	rivvuiks, riukuloiks
essive	riukunna, riukuun	riukuinna, riukuloinna, riukuin, riukuloin
exessive1)	riukunt	riukuint, riukuloint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• kolmiriukuin
• kuusiriuku

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 481

Votic

Alternative forms

• rʹuuku, rʹuku

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *riuku.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA^(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈrʲiu̯ku]
• (Jõgõperä) IPA^(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈrʲiu̯ku]
• (Central Votic) IPA^(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯ku]
• (Eastern Votic) IPA^(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯ku]
• Rhymes: -iu̯ku
• Hyphenation: riu‧ku

Noun

riuku

1. wooden pole
2. seine pole

Inflection

Declension of riuku (type II/võrkko, k-g gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	riuku	riugud
genitive	riugu	riukujõ
partitive	riukua	riukuit
illative	riuku, riukusõ	riukuisõ
inessive	riuguz	riukuiz
elative	riuguss	riukuiss
allative	riugullõ	riukuillõ
adessive	riugull	riukuill
ablative	riugult	riukuilt
translative	riugussi	riukuissi
'Standardized' inflection based on the Vaipooli dialects; see WT:AVOT. For dialectal differences between case endings, see Appendix:Votic dialects. *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “riuku”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎^[2], 2nd edition, Tallinn