runo

See also: rúno and Rūnõ

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo), from Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”), possibly from Proto-Celtic *rūnā. Compare English rune and Swedish runa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈruno/, [ˈruno̞]
• Rhymes: -uno
• Syllabification: ru‧no

Noun

runo

1. poem
2. poetry
3. rune (only in the rare sense of a Finnish poem, or a division of one, especially a division of the Kalevala)

Declension

Inflection of runo (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		runo	runot
genitive		runon	runojen
partitive		runoa	runoja
illative		runoon	runoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		runo	runot
accusative	nom.	runo	runot
	gen.	runon
genitive		runon	runojen
partitive		runoa	runoja
inessive		runossa	runoissa
elative		runosta	runoista
illative		runoon	runoihin
adessive		runolla	runoilla
ablative		runolta	runoilta
allative		runolle	runoille
essive		runona	runoina
translative		runoksi	runoiksi
instructive		—	runoin
abessive		runotta	runoitta
comitative		—	runoineen

Possessive forms of runo (type valo)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	runoni	runomme
2nd person	runosi	runonne
3rd person	runonsa

Derived terms

• runoilla
• runollinen
• runous

Anagrams

• noru, ruon

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈru.nɔ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *runo.

Noun

runo n

1. fleece
2. undergrowth (in a forest)

Declension

declension of runo

	singular	plural
nominative	runo	runa
genitive	runa	run
dative	runu	runom
accusative	runo	runa
instrumental	runem	runami
locative	runie	runach
vocative	runo	runa

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

runo f

1. locative singular of runa

Further reading

• runo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• runo in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *runo.

Noun

rȗno n (Cyrillic spelling ру̑но)

1. fleece

Declension

Declension of runo

	singular	plural
nominative	runo	runa
genitive	runa	runa
dative	runu	runima
accusative	runo	runa
vocative	runo	runa
locative	runu	runima
instrumental	runom	runima

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

runo (Cyrillic spelling руно)

1. vocative singular of runa

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *runo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rùːnɔ/, /rúːnɔ/

Noun

rūno n

1. fleece

Inflection

Neuter, hard
nominative	rúno
genitive	rúna
	singular
nominative	rúno
accusative	rúno
genitive	rúna
dative	rúnu
locative	rúnu
instrumental	rúnom

Further reading

• “runo”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

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Spanish

Etymology

From runa (“rune”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈruno/

Adjective

runo (feminine singular runa, masculine plural runos, feminine plural runas)

1. (obsolete) runic

   Synonym: rúnico

Further reading

• “runo” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

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Veps

Etymology

Related to Finnish runo.

Noun

runo

1. poem
2. rune (Finnic poem)

Inflection

Inflection of runo
nominative sing.	runo
genitive sing.	runon
partitive sing.	runod
partitive plur.	runoid
	singular	plural
nominative	runo	runod
accusative	runon	runod
genitive	runon	runoiden
partitive	runod	runoid
essive-instructive	runon	runoin
translative	runoks	runoikš
inessive	runos	runoiš
elative	runospäi	runoišpäi
illative	?	runoihe
adessive	runol	runoil
ablative	runolpäi	runoilpäi
allative	runole	runoile
abessive	runota	runoita
comitative	runonke	runoidenke
prolative	runodme	runoidme
approximative I	runonno	runoidenno
approximative II	runonnoks	runoidennoks
egressive	runonnopäi	runoidennopäi
terminative I	?	runoihesai
terminative II	runolesai	runoilesai
terminative III	runossai	—
additive I	?	runoihepäi
additive II	runolepäi	runoilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007) , “руна, стихотворение”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika