russus

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *russos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Compare Old East Slavic русъ (rusŭ) (< Proto-Slavic *rusъ < *rudsъ). See also ruber.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈrʊs.sʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈrus.sus]

Adjective

russus (feminine russa, neuter russum); first/second-declension adjective

1. red (a kind of cheap, coarse red, perhaps such as could be produced with madder; whole circus awnings could be dyed to this color)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	russus	russa	russum		russī	russae	russa
genitive	russī	russae	russī		russōrum	russārum	russōrum
dative	russō	russae	russō		russīs
accusative	russum	russam	russum		russōs	russās	russa
ablative	russō	russā	russō		russīs
vocative	russe	russa	russum		russī	russae	russa

Synonyms

• (red): rūfus, ruber, (Late Latin) russātus, (Late Latin) rubeus

Derived terms

• factio russata
• russātus
• russescō
• russetum, russeta, rossetum
• russeus
• russulus

Descendants

• Aromanian: arosh, rosh
• Asturian: roxu
• Catalan: ros
• Emilian: råss
• Old French: rous, ros
  • English: roux, russet
  • French: roux
• Friulian: ros
• Greek: ρούσος (roúsos)
• Istriot: russo
• Dalmatian: ros
• Italian: rosso
• Megleno-Romanian: roș, roși
• Neapolitan: russo
• Occitan: ros
• Old Galician-Portuguese: roxo
  • Galician: roxo
  • Portuguese: roxo (see there for further descendants)
  • Galician: roxo
  • Portuguese: roxo, russo
• Romanian: roșu
• Romagnol: ròss (San Marino), råss (Rimini)
• Sicilian: russu
• Old Spanish: roxo
  • Spanish: rojo
• Venetan: róso
• Ukrainian: ру́сий, ро́сий, руся́вий (rúsyj, rósyj, rusjávyj)

See also

Colors in Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)

albus, candidus, cānus, marmoreus (poetic), eburneus (poetic), niveus (poetic), argenteus (poetic), lacteus (poetic)	rāvus, pullus, mūrīnus (of livestock)	niger, āter, furvus, fuscus ("swarthy"), piceus (poetic)
ruber, russus, rūbidus (dark), flammeus (poetic); rutilus, pūniceus, spādīx (poetic), sanguineus (poetic)	rūfus, rutilus, rōbus (of oxen), croceus (poetic), aureus (poetic); fulvus (poetic), niger (of eyes), badius (of horses)	lūteus, flāvus ("blond"), lūridus, gilvus (of horses), helvus (of cattle); cēreus (poetic)
viridis, flāvus (poetic)	viridis, herbeus (of eyes), fulvus (poetic)	viridis, glaucus (poetic), caeruleus (poetic, only dark)
	glaucus (poetic), caeruleus, caesius (of eyes)	caeruleus, līvidus, ferrūgineus (poetic), glaucus (poetic)
violāceus	purpureus (underlying shade)	roseus

References

• “russus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “russus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “russus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527