stelen

See also: Stelen

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsteːlə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ste‧len
• Rhymes: -eːlən

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Germanic *stelaną

Proto-West Germanic *stelan

Old Dutch *stelan

Middle Dutch stelen

Dutch stelen

Inherited from Middle Dutch stelen, from Old Dutch *stelan, from Proto-West Germanic *stelan, from Proto-Germanic *stelaną.

Verb

stelen

1. (transitive) to steal

Conjugation

Conjugation of stelen (strong class 4)
infinitive	stelen
past singular	stal
past participle	gestolen
infinitive	stelen
gerund	stelen n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	steel	stal
2nd person sing. (jij)	steelt, steel2	stal
2nd person sing. (u)	steelt	stal
2nd person sing. (gij)	steelt	staalt
3rd person singular	steelt	stal
plural	stelen	stalen
subjunctive sing.1	stele	stale
subjunctive plur.1	stelen	stalen
imperative sing.	steel
imperative plur.1	steelt
participles	stelend	gestolen
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Synonyms

• jatten
• ontvreemden

Derived terms

• bestelen
• steler

Descendants

• Afrikaans: steel
• Negerhollands: steel

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

stelen

1. plural of steel

Anagrams

• lentes, nestel, sleten

Middle Dutch

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Germanic *stelaną

Proto-West Germanic *stelan

Old Dutch *stelan

Middle Dutch stelen

Inherited from Old Dutch *stelan, from Proto-West Germanic *stelan, from Proto-Germanic *stelaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɛːlən/

Verb

stēlen

1. to steal

Inflection

Conjugation of stēlen (strong class 4)

infinitive	base form	stēlen
	genitive	stēlens
	dative	stēlene
		indicative			subjunctive
		present	past		present	past
1st person singular		stēle	stal		stēle	stâle
2nd person singular		stēels, stēles	stâels, stâles		stēels, stēles	stâles
3rd person singular		stēelt, stēlet	stal		stēle	stâle
1st person plural		stēlen	stâlen		stēlen	stâlen
2nd person plural		stēelt, stēlet	stâelt, stâlet		stēelt, stēlet	stâlet
3rd person plural		stēlen	stâlen		stēlen	stâlen
		imperative
singular		stel, stēel, stēle
plural		stēelt, stēlet
		present	past
participle		stēlende	gestolen

Descendants

• Dutch: stelen
  • Afrikaans: steel
• Limburgish: staele

Further reading

• “stelen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “stelen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

Middle English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Germanic *stelaną

Proto-West Germanic *stelan

Old English stelan

Middle English stelen

Inherited from Old English stelan, from Proto-West Germanic *stelan, from Proto-Germanic *stelaną.

Verb

stelen (third-person singular simple present steleth, present participle stelende, stelynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative stal, past participle stolen)

1. to steal
   • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎^[1], published c. 1410, Epheſianes 4:28, folio 75, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

     he þat ſtal .· now ſtele he not / but moꝛe trauele he in woꝛchyng wiþ his hondis þat þat is good .· þat he haue wher of he ſchal ȝyue to nedi

     Anyone who steals shouldn't steal again, but should instead do useful work with their own hands so they have [something] to give to the needy.

Conjugation

Conjugation of stelen (strong class 4)

infinitive	(to) stelen, stele
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	stele	stel, stel
2nd-person singular	stolest	stale1, stale1
3rd-person singular	stoleth	stel, stel
subjunctive singular	stele	stale2, stale2
imperative singular		—
plural3	stelen, stele	stalen, stale, stalen, stale
imperative plural	steleth, stele	—
participles	stelynge, stelende	stelen, stele, ystelen, ystele

¹ Later replaced by the 1st-/3rd-person singular or stelest, stelest.
² Later replaced by the indicative.
³ Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: steal
• Scots: stele, steil