suadeo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *swādejeo, itself from a Proto-Indo-European causative verb in *-éyeti from the root *sweh₂d- (“sweet”),^[1]^[2]^[3] hence literally, “to make sweet, pleasing”. The stem of the original verb may have been either the zero-grade *suh₂d-éyeti,^[2] as in Sanskrit सूदयति (sūdáyati, “to make tasty”), or the o-grade *swoh₂d-éyeti,^[3] but in the end it was secondarily replaced with the full grade by influence of the related adjective suāvis (“sweet”).^[2]^[3]

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈsʷaː.de.oː/, [ˈs̠ʷäːd̪eoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈswa.de.o/, [ˈswäːd̪eo]
(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /suˈaː.de.oː/, [s̠uˈäːd̪eoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /suˈa.de.o/, [suˈäːd̪eo]
Note: while the word generally scans with a glide in classical poetry, the rare pronunciation of the u as a vowel (in hiatus) is attested as early as Lucretius (see quotations). Compare the similar phenomenon in suāvis, which Romance languages reflect with a hiatus.

Verb

suādeō (present infinitive suādēre, perfect active suāsī, supine suāsum); second conjugation

to recommend, advise
Synonyms: commendō, admoneō, moneō, dēlīberō, conciliō, cēnseō, praedicō, suggerō
- c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De Rerum Natura 4.1157–8:
  Atque aliōs aliī irrīdent Veneremque sŭādent
  ut plācent, quoniam foedō adflictentur amōre.
  They [lovers] make fun of each other, advising to placate Venus as they're afflicted with foul love.
to urge, exhort, induce, impel, suade, persuade
Synonyms: persuādeō, perdūcō, convincō, exhortor, indūcō, moveō

Antonyms: dissuādeō, tardō, obiūrgō
- c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.264:
  hic iam galbaneōs suādēbō incendere odōrēs
  Then I would urge you to burn fragrant resin of galbanum
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.703–704:
  hīs amor, ut repetant, illīs, ut reddere nōlint,
  suādet; et ex causā pugnat uterque parī.
  Love persuades – these [men], to reclaim [their betrothed women], and those [men], [who] do not wish to return [the women]; and so from the same motive each one of them fights.
  (Phoebe (daughter of Leucippus) and Hilaeira, already betrothed to Lynceus of Messene and Idas of Messene, had been abducted by Castor and Pollux.)
to advocate, promote, support

Conjugation

This verb has only limited passive conjugation; only third-person passive forms are attested in surviving sources.

Conjugation of suādeō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	suādeō	suādēs		suādet	suādēmus	suādētis		suādent
	imperfect	suādēbam	suādēbās		suādēbat	suādēbāmus	suādēbātis		suādēbant
	future	suādēbō	suādēbis		suādēbit	suādēbimus	suādēbitis		suādēbunt
	perfect	suāsī	suāsistī		suāsit	suāsimus	suāsistis		suāsērunt, suāsēre
	pluperfect	suāseram	suāserās		suāserat	suāserāmus	suāserātis		suāserant
	future perfect	suāserō	suāseris		suāserit	suāserimus	suāseritis		suāserint
passive	present	suādeor	suādēris, suādēre		suādētur	suādēmur	suādēminī		suādentur
	imperfect	suādēbar	suādēbāris, suādēbāre		suādēbātur	suādēbāmur	suādēbāminī		suādēbantur
	future	suādēbor	suādēberis, suādēbere		suādēbitur	suādēbimur	suādēbiminī		suādēbuntur
	perfect	suāsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	suāsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	suāsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	suādeam	suādeās		suādeat	suādeāmus	suādeātis		suādeant
	imperfect	suādērem	suādērēs		suādēret	suādērēmus	suādērētis		suādērent
	perfect	suāserim	suāserīs		suāserit	suāserīmus	suāserītis		suāserint
	pluperfect	suāsissem	suāsissēs		suāsisset	suāsissēmus	suāsissētis		suāsissent
passive	present	suādear	suādeāris, suādeāre		suādeātur	suādeāmur	suādeāminī		suādeantur
	imperfect	suādērer	suādērēris, suādērēre		suādērētur	suādērēmur	suādērēminī		suādērentur
	perfect	suāsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	suāsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	suādē		—	—	suādēte		—
active	future	—	suādētō		suādētō	—	suādētōte		suādentō
passive	present	—	suādēre		—	—	suādēminī		—
passive	future	—	suādētor		suādētor	—	—		suādentor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		suādēre		suādērī		suādēns		—
future		suāsūrum esse		suāsum īrī		suāsūrus		suādendus
perfect		suāsisse		suāsum esse		—		suāsus
future perfect		—		suāsum fore		—		—
perfect potential		suāsūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		suādendī	suādendō		suādendum	suādendō	suāsum		suāsū

Derived terms

Descendants

→ English: suade
→ Italian: suadere
→ Portuguese: suadir
→ Spanish: suadir

References

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “su̯ād-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1039f.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*su̯eh₂d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 606f.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “suāvis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 594