tantus

Latin

Etymology

From tam:

• with reduplication (earlier *tam-to-, or perhaps *tam-tam > tantam, from which it may be back-formed);
• or from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂-n̥t-os (compare quantus);
• or with analogical -tus taken from quantus (reanalyzed as quam +‎ -tus).

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈtan.tus/, [ˈt̪än̪t̪ʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtan.tus/, [ˈt̪än̪t̪us]

Adjective

tantus (feminine tanta, neuter tantum); first/second-declension adjective

1. of such size, of such measure
2. so much, so great, such
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.33:

     Tantae mōlis erat Rōmānam condere gentem.

     Of such great effort was it to found the Roman people.
     or, It was so great a burden to found the Roman race.
     (The gods conspire and humans suffer to found what will become an empire; i.e., so great the effort, so great the achievement.)

Usage notes

• Being naturally an adjective, tantus was then used substantively as tantum (frequently with genitive) to mean "so much of", "so many of"; as tantī (pretiī) to mean "so high (a price)" [called the genitive of indefinite value]; adverbially as tantum to mean "so much", "to such degree" (cf. tam); as tantō to mean "by so much". For all these quantus has its coordinate functions.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	tantus	tanta	tantum		tantī	tantae	tanta
Genitive	tantī	tantae	tantī		tantōrum	tantārum	tantōrum
Dative	tantō		tantō		tantīs
Accusative	tantum	tantam	tantum		tantōs	tantās	tanta
Ablative	tantō	tantā	tantō		tantīs
Vocative	tante	tanta	tantum		tantī	tantae	tanta

Derived terms

• prō tantō
• tantopere
• tantulus
• tantum
• tantus ... quantus (“as much ... as”)
• tantusdem

 

Related terms

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial) demonstrative	proximal demonstrative	distal demonstrative	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	quis, quī	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quisquam, aliquisquam, quispiam, ūllus	is, iste, istic	hic	ille, illic	quī	quisquis, quīcumque	ipse, īdem	alter, alius
dual	uter	alteruter, uterque				uter	utercumque
number	quot	aliquot	tot			quot	quotquot, quotcumque	totidem
order	quotus		totus			quotus	quotuscumque
quantity	quam	aliquam	tam			quam	†quamquam	†tamen, †tandem
size	quantus	aliquantus	tantus			quantus	quantuscumque	tantusdem
quality	quālis	aliquālis	tālis			quālis	quālis, quāliscumque
manner	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	ita, sic, eō/istō modō	hōc modō	illō modō	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	item, itidem	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
method, path, place	quā	aliquā, quāque	eā, istāc	hāc	illāc	quā	quāquā, quācumque	eādem	aliā
place	ubi	alicubi, ubique, usquam, uspiam	ibi, istic	hīc	illīc	ubi	ubiubi, ubicumque	ibidem	alibī, aliās
source	unde	alicunde, undeunde	inde, istinc	hinc	illinc	unde	undecumque	indidem	aliunde
destination	quō, quōrsum	aliquō, quōquam, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	eō, istūc, °istōrsum	hūc, °hōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	quō	quōquō, quōcumque	eōdem	aliō, aliorsum
time	quandō	quondam, aliquandō, quandōque, umquam	tum, tunc	num, nunc	ōlim	cum, quandō	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	simul	aliās
exact time	quota hōra		ea/ista hōra	hac hōra	illa hōra	quota hōra	quotacumque hōra	eadem hōra	altera/alia hōra
repetition	quotiēns	aliquotiēns	totiēns			quotiēns	quotiēnscumque
multiplication	quotuplex		totuplex			quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare

Descendants

• Aragonese: tanto
• Asturian: tantu, tanto
• Catalan: tant
• Corsican: tantu
• Emilian: tant
• Extremaduran: tantu
• Old French: tant
  • French: tant
• Franco-Provençal: tant
• Friulian: tant
• English: tanto, tantamount
• Galician: tanto
• Interlingua: tanto
• Italian: tanto
• Ligurian: tànto
• Lombard: tant
• Megleno-Romanian: tăntu
• Navarro-Aragonese: tant
• Occitan: tant
• Piedmontese: tante, tant
• Old Galician-Portuguese: tanto
  • Portuguese: tanto
• Romagnol: tant
• Sicilian: tantu
• Old Spanish: tanto
  • Spanish: tanto
• Venetian: tanto
• Walloon: tant

References

• “tantus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tantus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tantus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the frost set in so severely that..: tanta vis frigoris insecuta est, ut
    
  • under such unfavourable circumstances: in tanta rerum (temporum) iniquitate
    
  • he had such an extraordinary memory that..: memoria tanta fuit, ut
    
  • (ambiguous) this much is certain: hoc (not tantum) certum est
    
  • (ambiguous) to take only enough food to support life: tantum cibi et potionis adhibere quantum satis est
    
  • (ambiguous) I will only say this much..: tantum or unum illud or hoc dico