taurus

See also: Taurus

Latin

taurus (a bull)

Alternative forms

• tarvus, tarvos (archaic)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *tauros, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtau̯.rʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈtaːu̯.rus]

Noun

taurus m (genitive taurī); second declension

1. a bull, steer
2. the constellation Taurus the bull
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.717–718:

     vacca sit an taurus, nōn est cognōscere prōmptum:
     pars prior appāret, posteriōra latent.

     Whether it is a cow or a bull is not easy to know:
     the front part appears, the hindquarters lie hidden.
     (Although Ovid wryly observes that Taurus (constellation) depicts only the head, horns, and forequarters of this mythological animal, traditionally it was seen as a ‘‘taurus’’ and not a ‘‘vacca’’ charging in the sky.)

3. an instrument of torture, in the shape of a bull
4. a (dialectal, Gaul) small bird that sounds like the lowing of oxen, possibly the bittern
   • 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 10.116:

     est quae boum mugitus imitetur, in Arelatensi agro taurus appellata, alioquin parva est.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

5. a kind of beetle
6. (anatomy) the perineum

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	taurus	taurī
genitive	taurī	taurōrum
dative	taurō	taurīs
accusative	taurum	taurōs
ablative	taurō	taurīs
vocative	taure	taurī

Hypernyms

• bōs

Derived terms

• suovetaurīlia
• taura
• taureus
• tauricornis
• taurifer
• tauriformis
• taurigenus
• taurīnus
• taurobolicus
• taurobolīnus
• taurobolior
• taurocenta
• taurophthalmon
• taurulus
• Taurus

Descendants

• Aromanian: tavru
• Asturian: toru
• Catalan: toro
• Corsican: toru
• → English: Taurus
• French: taureau
• Friulian: taur
• Ido: tauro
• Interlingua: tauro
• Italian: toro
• Norman: touothé
• Occitan: taur
• Old French: tor
• Old Galician-Portuguese: touro
  • Fala: toiru
  • Galician: touro
  • Portuguese: touro, toiro
• Romanian: taur
• Romansch: taur
• Sardinian: trau
• Sicilian: tàuru, tàvuru
• Spanish: toro (see there for further descendants)
• Venetan: toro
• Walloon: torea

See also

• vacca

References

• “taurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “taurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "taurus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “taurus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• “taurus”, in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[1]
• “taurus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “taurus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• “toro” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN

Anagrams

• sutura

Latvian

Noun

taurus m

1. accusative plural of taurs (“aurochs”)

Lithuanian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɒʊˈrʊs]

Adjective

taurùs m (feminine tauri̇̀, neuter taurù) stress pattern 4

1. noble

   Synonym: kilnùs

2. honorable

Declension

Non-pronominal forms (neįvardžiuotinės formos) of taurus

positive degree
neuter		taurù
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	taurùs	taũrūs		tauri̇̀	taũrios
genitive	tauraũs	taurių̃		tauriõs	taurių̃
dative	tauriám	tauri̇́ems		taũriai	taurióms
accusative	taũrų	tauriùs		taũrią	tauriàs
instrumental	tauriù	tauriai̇̃s		taurià	tauriomi̇̀s
locative	tauriamè	tauriuosè		tauriojè	tauriosè
vocative	taurùs	taũrūs		tauri̇̀	taũrios
comparative degree
neuter		tauriaũ
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	taurèsnis	tauresni̇̀		taurèsnė	taurèsnės
genitive	taurèsnio	tauresnių̃		tauresnė̃s	tauresnių̃
dative	tauresniám	tauresni̇́ems		taurèsnei	tauresnė̃ms
accusative	taurèsnį	tauresniùs		taurèsnę	tauresnès
instrumental	tauresniù	tauresniai̇̃s		tauresnè	tauresnėmi̇̀s
locative	tauresniamè	tauresniuosè		taurèsnėje	tauresnėsè
superlative degree
neuter		tauriáusia
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	tauriáusias	tauriáusi		tauriáusia	tauriáusios
genitive	tauriáusio	tauriáusių		tauriáusios	tauriáusių
dative	tauriáusiam	tauriáusiems		tauriáusiai	tauriáusioms
accusative	tauriáusią	tauriáusius		tauriáusią	tauriáusias
instrumental	tauriáusiu	tauriáusiais		tauriáusia	tauriáusiomis
locative	tauriáusiame	tauriáusiuose		tauriáusioje	tauriáusiose

Pronominal forms (įvardžiuotinės formos) of taurus

positive degree
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	taurùsis	tauri̇́eji		taurióji	taũriosios
genitive	taũriojo	taurių̃jų		tauriõsios	taurių̃jų
dative	tauriájam	tauri̇́esiems		taũriajai	tauriósioms
accusative	taũrųjį	tauriúosius		taũriąją	taurią́sias
instrumental	tauriúoju	tauriai̇̃siais		taurią́ja	tauriõsiomis
locative	tauriãjame	tauriuõsiuose		tauriõjoje	tauriõsiose
vocative	taurùsis	tauri̇́eji		taurióji	taũriosios
comparative degree
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	tauresnỹsis	tauresni̇́eji		tauresnióji	taurèsniosios
genitive	taurèsniojo	tauresnių̃jų		tauresniõsios	tauresnių̃jų
dative	tauresniájam	tauresni̇́esiems		taurèsniajai	tauresniósioms
accusative	taurèsnįjį	tauresniúosius		taurèsniąją	tauresnią́sias
instrumental	tauresniúoju	tauresniai̇̃siais		tauresnią́ja	tauresniõsiomis
locative	tauresniãjame	tauresniuõsiuose		tauresniõjoje	tauresniõsiose
superlative degree
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	tauriáusiasis	tauriáusieji		tauriáusioji	tauriáusiosios
genitive	tauriáusiojo	tauriáusiųjų		tauriáusiosios	tauriáusiųjų
dative	tauriáusiajam	tauriáusiesiems		tauriáusiajai	tauriáusiosioms
accusative	tauriáusiąjį	tauriáusiuosius		tauriáusiąją	tauriáusiąsias
instrumental	tauriáusiuoju	tauriáusiaisiais		tauriáusiąja	tauriáusiosiomis
locative	tauriáusiajame	tauriáusiuosiuose		tauriáusiojoje	tauriáusiosiose

Noun

taurùs

1. accusative plural of taũras (“aurochs”)