tetanus

See also: Tetanus

English

Muscular spasms in a patient suffering from tetanus.

Etymology

From Latin tetanus, from Ancient Greek τέτανος (tétanos), from τείνω (teínō, “I stretch”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈtɛt.ən.əs/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈtɛt.ən.əs/, /ˈtɛt.nəs/

Noun

tetanus (usually uncountable, plural tetanuses or tetani)

1. (pathology, countable) A serious and often fatal disease caused by the infection of an open wound with the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani, found in soil and the intestines and faeces of animals.

   Synonym: lockjaw

2. (physiology, countable) A state of muscle tension caused by sustained contraction arising from a rapid series of nerve impulses which do not allow the muscle to relax.
   • 1998 January 16, Pierre-Marie Lledo et al., “Postsynaptic Membrane Fusion and Long-Term Potentiation”, in Science‎^[1], volume 279, number 5349, DOI:10.1126/science.279.5349.399, pages 399-403:

     We first saturated LTP in one pathway by applying repetitive tetani that had no effect on the control pathway […]

Derived terms

• antitetanic
• antitetanus
• DPT
• tetanal
• tetanic
• tetanization
• tetanize
• tetany

 

Translations

disease

• Afrikaans: klem-in-die-kaak, tetanus
• Albanian: tetanos (sq) m
• Arabic: كُزَاز‎ m (kuzāz), كُزَّاز‎ m (kuzzāz)
• Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܙܩܬܐ‎ c

• Armenian: փայտացում (hy) (pʿaytacʿum)
• Assamese: ধনুষ্টংকাৰ (dhonustoṅkar)
• Asturian: tétanos m, tétano m
• Basque: tetanos
• Belarusian: слупняк m (slupnjak)
• Bengali: ধনুষ্টঙ্কার (dhônuśṭôṅkar)
• Bikol Central: tetanus
• Breton: tetanos m
• Bulgarian: тетанус m (tetanus)
• Catalan: tètan m, tètanus m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 破傷風 (po³ soeng¹ fung¹)

  Mandarin: 破傷風 (zh), 破伤风 (zh) (pòshāngfēng)

  Min Nan: 破傷風 (zh-min-nan) (phò-siong-hong)

• Corsican: tetanu m
• Czech: tetanus (cs) m
• Danish: stivkrampe c
• Dhivehi: އިދިފުށަށްދަމާ ބަލި‎ (idifuṣaṣ̊damā bali)
• Dutch: tetanus (nl) m
• Esperanto: tetano
• Estonian: teetanus (et)
• Finnish: jäykkäkouristus (fi), tetanus (fi)
• French: tétanos (fr) m
• Galician: tétano m
• Georgian: ტეტანუსი (ṭeṭanusi)
• German: Tetanus (de) m, Wundstarrkrampf (de) m
• Greek: τέτανος (el) m (tétanos)

  Ancient: τέτανος m (tétanos)

• Guaraní: tétano
• Gujarati: ધનુર્વા (dhanurvā)
• Hebrew: טֶטָנוּס‎ (he) m (tetanus)
• Hindi: धनुस्तंभ (hi) m (dhanustambh)
• Hungarian: tetanusz (hu), merevgörcs
• Icelandic: stífkrampi (is) m, stjarfi m
• Ido: tetano (io)
• Indonesian: tetanus (id)
• Irish: teiteanas m
• Italian: tetano (it) m
• Japanese: 破傷風 (はしょうふう, hashōfū)
• Javanese: tetanus
• Kannada: ಧನುರ್ವಾತ (kn) (dhanurvāta)
• Kazakh: сіреспе (sırespe)
• Khmer: តេតាណូស (teetaanouh)
• Korean: 파상풍 (pasangpung)
• Latin: tetanus m
• Latvian: stingumkrampji m pl, tetāns m
• Limburgish: wónjstaerkramp m

• Lingala: tetanɔ́si
• Lithuanian: stabligė f
• Lombard: tetan m
• Luxembourgish: Tetanus m, Starrkrampf m
• Macedonian: тетанус m (tetanus)
• Malagasy: tetanosy (mg)
• Malay: kancing gigi
• Malayalam: റ്റെറ്റനസ് (ṟṟeṟṟanasŭ)
• Manx: glassey keeilley m, tetanus m
• Maori: pakaua hukihuki, mate pakaua hukihuki, kauae timu
• Marathi: धनुर्वात (dhanurvāt)
• Nepali: धनुष्टंकार (dhanuṣṭaṅkār)
• Northern Sami: doaŋgegeasáhat
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: stivkrampe m, tetanus m

  Nynorsk: stivkrampe m, tetanus m

• Occitan: tetanòs m
• Oriya: ଧନୁଷ୍ଟଙ୍କାର (or) (dhônuṣṭôṅkarô)
• Persian: کزاز‎ (fa) (kozâz)
• Plautdietsch: Mulkraump f, Tettanus m
• Polish: tężec (pl) m
• Portuguese: tétano (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਧੁਣਖਵਾ (dhuṇkhavā), ਟੈਟਨਸ (ṭaiṭnas)
• Romanian: tetanos (ro) n
• Russian: столбня́к (ru) m (stolbnják)
• Scottish Gaelic: galar na glas-guib m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: тѐтанус m

  Roman: tètanus (sh) m

• Slovak: tetanus m
• Slovene: tetanus (sl) m
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: tetanus m

  Upper Sorbian: tetanus m

• Spanish: tétanos (es) m
• Sundanese: tétanus
• Swahili: pepopunda 9, tetanasi
• Swedish: stelkramp c
• Tagalog: tetano
• Telugu: ధనుర్వాతము (te) (dhanurvātamu)
• Thai: บาดทะยัก (th) (bàat-tá-yák)
• Tibetan: རྩ་འཁུམ་ནད། (rtsa 'khum nad)
• Turkish: tetanos (tr), kazıklı humma (tr)
• Ukrainian: праве́ць (uk) m (pravécʹ)
• Uzbek:

  Cyrillic: қоқшол (qoqshol)

  Roman: qoqshol (uz)

• Vietnamese: uốn ván
• Walloon: tetanosse (wa) m
• Welsh: tetanws m

Further reading

• tetanus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• attunes, nutates, tautens, unstate, untaste

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Czech

Alternative forms

• tetan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɛtanus]
• Hyphenation: te‧ta‧nus

Noun

tetanus m inan

1. tetanus (pathology)

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	tetanus	tetany
genitive	tetanu	tetanů
dative	tetanu	tetanům
accusative	tetanus	tetany
vocative	tetane	tetany
locative	tetanu	tetanech
instrumental	tetanem	tetany

Further reading

• tetanus in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• tetanus in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Finnish

Etymology

From Latin tetanus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtetɑnus/, [ˈt̪e̞t̪ɑnus̠]
• Rhymes: -etɑnus
• Syllabification^(key): te‧ta‧nus

Noun

tetanus

1. (pathology) tetanus

Declension

Inflection of tetanus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		tetanus	tetanukset
genitive		tetanuksen	tetanusten tetanuksien
partitive		tetanusta	tetanuksia
illative		tetanukseen	tetanuksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		tetanus	tetanukset
accusative	nom.	tetanus	tetanukset
	gen.	tetanuksen
genitive		tetanuksen	tetanusten tetanuksien
partitive		tetanusta	tetanuksia
inessive		tetanuksessa	tetanuksissa
elative		tetanuksesta	tetanuksista
illative		tetanukseen	tetanuksiin
adessive		tetanuksella	tetanuksilla
ablative		tetanukselta	tetanuksilta
allative		tetanukselle	tetanuksille
essive		tetanuksena	tetanuksina
translative		tetanukseksi	tetanuksiksi
instructive		—	tetanuksin
abessive		tetanuksetta	tetanuksitta
comitative		—	tetanuksineen

Possessive forms of tetanus (type vastaus)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	tetanukseni	tetanuksemme
2nd person	tetanuksesi	tetanuksenne
3rd person	tetanuksensa

Synonyms

• jäykkäkouristus

Anagrams

• astunet, sattuen

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Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τέτανος (tétanos); New Latin usage specific to the bacteria-caused disease.

Noun

tetanus m (genitive tetanī); second declension

1. A stiffness or spasm of the neck; tetanus
2. (New Latin) The disease caused by Clostridium tetani.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tetanus	tetanī
Genitive	tetanī	tetanōrum
Dative	tetanō	tetanīs
Accusative	tetanum	tetanōs
Ablative	tetanō	tetanīs
Vocative	tetane	tetanī

References

• “tetanus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• tetanus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• tetanus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette