tetanus

See also: Tetanus

English

Muscular spasms in a patient suffering from tetanus.

Etymology

From Latin tetanus, from Ancient Greek τέτανος (tétanos), from τείνω (teínō, “I stretch”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈtɛtənəs/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈtɛt̚nɨs/

Noun

tetanus (usually uncountable, plural tetani)

1. (pathology, countable) A serious and often fatal disease caused by the infection of an open wound with the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani, found in soil and the intestines and faeces of animals.
2. (physiology, countable) A state of muscle tension caused by sustained contraction arising from a rapid series of nerve impulses which do not allow the muscle to relax.
   • 1998 January 16, Pierre-Marie Lledo et al., “Postsynaptic Membrane Fusion and Long-Term Potentiation”, in Science‎^[1], volume 279, number 5349, DOI:10.1126/science.279.5349.399, pages 399-403:

     We first saturated LTP in one pathway by applying repetitive tetani that had no effect on the control pathway […]

Synonyms

• (disease caused by Clostridium tetani): lockjaw

Derived terms

• tetanal
• tetanic
• tetany
• tetanize
• tetanization
• DPT

Translations

disease

• Arabic: الكزاز‎‎
• Armenian: փայտացում (hy) (pʿaytacʿum)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 破傷風 (zh), 破伤风 (zh) (pòshāngfēng)

• Czech: tetanus m
• Esperanto: tetano
• Finnish: jäykkäkouristus (fi), tetanus (fi)
• French: tétanos (fr) m
• Galician: tétano m
• German: Tetanus (de) m, Wundstarrkrampf (de) m
• Greek: τέτανος (el) m (tétanos)
• Italian: tetano (it) m

• Korean: 파상풍 (pasangpung)
• Maori: pakaua hukihuki, mate pakaua hukihuki, kauae timu
• Polish: tężec m
• Portuguese: tétano (pt) m
• Russian: столбня́к (ru) m (stolbnják)
• Spanish: tétanos (es)
• Swahili: pepopunda
• Swedish: stelkramp
• Thai: บาดทะยัก (bàat-tá-yák)
• Turkish: tetanoz (tr), kazıklı humma (tr)
• Vietnamese: uốn ván

Anagrams

• attunes, nutates, tautens, unstate, untaste

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Czech

Noun

tetanus m

1. tetanus (pathology)

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Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtetɑnus/, [ˈt̪e̞t̪ɑ̝nus̠]
• Hyphenation: te‧ta‧nus

Noun

tetanus

1. (pathology) tetanus

Declension

Inflection of tetanus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		tetanus	tetanukset
genitive		tetanuksen	tetanusten tetanuksien
partitive		tetanusta	tetanuksia
illative		tetanukseen	tetanuksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		tetanus	tetanukset
accusative	nom.	tetanus	tetanukset
	gen.	tetanuksen
genitive		tetanuksen	tetanusten tetanuksien
partitive		tetanusta	tetanuksia
inessive		tetanuksessa	tetanuksissa
elative		tetanuksesta	tetanuksista
illative		tetanukseen	tetanuksiin
adessive		tetanuksella	tetanuksilla
ablative		tetanukselta	tetanuksilta
allative		tetanukselle	tetanuksille
essive		tetanuksena	tetanuksina
translative		tetanukseksi	tetanuksiksi
instructive		—	tetanuksin
abessive		tetanuksetta	tetanuksitta
comitative		—	tetanuksineen

Synonyms

• jäykkäkouristus

Anagrams

• astunet, sattuen

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Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τέτανος (tétanos); New Latin usage specific to the bacteria-caused disease.

Noun

tetanus m (genitive tetanī); second declension

1. A stiffness or spasm of the neck; tetanus
2. (New Latin) The disease caused by Clostridium tetani.

Inflection

Second declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	tetanus	tetanī
genitive	tetanī	tetanōrum
dative	tetanō	tetanīs
accusative	tetanum	tetanōs
ablative	tetanō	tetanīs
vocative	tetane	tetanī

References

• tetanus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• tetanus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• tetanus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette