toman

See also: Toman and tõmãn

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian تومان (tōman), from Mongolian түмэн (tümen).

Alternative forms

• tumen, tomaun, tomin, touman

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtʊmən/, /toʊˈmɑːn/, /ˈtʌmən/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Audio (Southern England):

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• Audio (Southern England):

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• Rhymes: -ʊmən

Noun

toman (plural tomans)

1. (historical, military) A division of 10,000 men in the Mongolian army.
2. (historical, numismatics) A Persian money of account or gold coin issued until 1927, notionally worth 10,000 dinars.
   • 1845, Robert Browning, The Flight of the Duchess:

     The band-roll strung with tomans
     Which proves the veil a Persian woman's

3. (informal, numismatics) An Iranian coin or value of 10 rials.

Synonyms

• (unit): myriarchy

Hyponyms

• (historical coin): dinar (¹⁄_10,000 toman), kran (¹⁄₁₀ toman)
• (modern coin): rial (¹⁄₁₀ toman)

Translations

a division of 10,000 men in the Mongolian army

• Bulgarian: тумен m (tumen)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 萬戶 / 万户 (zh) (wànhù)

• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: түмэн (tümen)

  Mongolian script: ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ (tümen)

• Polish: toman m
• Russian: тумен (ru) m (tumen)
• Spanish: tumen m
• Ukrainian: тумен m (tumen)

currency in Iran

• Arabic: تُومَان m (tūmān)
• Armenian: թուման (hy) (tʻuman)
• Azerbaijani: tümən
• Bulgarian: туман m (tuman), томан (bg) m (toman)
• Greek: τομάν (tomán)
• Hindi: तोमान (tomān)
• Japanese: トマン (toman)
• Korean: 토만 (toman)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: tîmen (ku), tûmen (ku)

• Pashto: تومان (ps) m (tūmãn)
• Persian: تومان (fa) (tumân)
• Polish: toman m
• Russian: тума́н (ru) m (tumán), тома́н (ru) m (tomán)
• Tajik: тумон (tumon)
• Turkish: tümen (tr), tomen

Etymology 2

From Irish toman (“small hill, hillock”), diminutive of tom (“hill”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtoʊmən/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

toman (plural tomans)

1. (geography) Synonym of hillock.

References

• "toman, n.¹" and "n.²", in the Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Anagrams

• NOTAM, manto, notam

Asturian

Verb

toman

1. third-person plural present subjunctive of tomar

Galician

Verb

toman

1. third-person plural present indicative of tomar

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay toman.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtoman/ [ˈt̪o.man]
• Rhymes: -oman
• Syllabification: to‧man

Noun

toman (plural toman-toman)

1. giant snakehead; giant mudfish (Channa micropeltes)

   Coordinate terms: haruan, (Brunei) dalak, bujuk, ruanjuk, haruan hitam, gabus, aruan, tobang, rating

Further reading

• “toman”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtoman/ [ˈt̪o.man]
• Hyphenation: to‧man

Noun

toman (Jawi spelling تومن, plural toman-toman or toman²)

1. giant snakehead; giant mudfish (Channa micropeltes)

   Coordinate terms: haruan, haruan hitam, (Brunei) dalak, (Indonesia) gabus, bujuk, ruanjuk, (Indonesia) rating, (Indonesia) tobang, (Indonesia) aruan

Descendants

• > Indonesian: toman (inherited)

Further reading

• "toman" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Romanian

Adverb

toman

1. obsolete form of taman

References

• toman in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Spanish

Verb

toman

1. third-person plural present indicative of tomar