torus

See also: Torus

English

WOTD – 10 April 2007

A geometrical torus

Etymology

From Latin torus ‎(“swelling, protuberance”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔːrəs/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔːrəs
• Homophone: Taurus

Noun

torus ‎(plural tori or toruses)

1. (topology) A topological space which is a product of two circles.

   A 4-variable Karnaugh map can be thought of, topologically, as being a torus.‎

2. (mathematics) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a shape consisting of a ring with a circular cross-section: the shape of an inner tube or hollow doughnut.
3. (topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.) The product of the specified number of circles.
4. (architecture) A molding which projects at the base of a column and above the plinth.
5. (botany) The end of the peduncle or flower stalk to which the floral parts (or in the Asteraceae, the florets of a flower head) are attached; receptacle, thalamus.

Derived terms

• hypertorus
• toric, toroid, toroidal
• solid torus

Translations

topological space

• Esperanto: toro (eo)
• Polish: torus (pl) m

• Russian: тор (ru) m ‎(tor)
• Spanish: toro (es) m

shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space

• Esperanto: toro (eo)
• French: tore (fr) m
• German: Torus (de)
• Hungarian: tórusz
• Italian: toro (it) m
• Polish: torus (pl) m

• Portuguese: toro (pt) m
• Russian: тор (ru) m ‎(tor)
• Spanish: toro (es) m
• Swedish: torus (sv) c

in combination, product of circles

• Polish: torus (pl) m

molding

• French: tore (fr) m

end of a stalk

See also

• annulus
• hoop

Anagrams

• roust
• routs
• stour
• tours, Tours

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Finnish

Verb

torus

1. Second-person singular imperative present form of torua + the suffix -s.

Anagrams

• rusto, turso

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃-.

Alternative forms

• thorus

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈto.rus/

Noun

torus m ‎(genitive torī); second declension

1. a swelling, protuberance, bulge, knot
2. the muscular part of an animal
3. raised ornament on a garland
4. bolster, cushion
5. (by extension) bed, couch
6. embankment, an elevation of earth
7. (architecture) large round molding at the base of a column

Inflection

Second declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	torus	torī
genitive	torī	torōrum
dative	torō	torīs
accusative	torum	torōs
ablative	torō	torīs
vocative	tore	torī

Derived terms

• toral
• torōsus
• torulus

Descendants

• Asturian: tueru
• English: torus
• Spanish: toro, tuero

References

• torus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• torus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Félix Gaffiot (1934), Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette, s.v. “torus”.
• torus in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia^[1]
• torus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• torus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

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Swedish

Noun

torus c

1. (topology) torus; a shape consisting of a ring, or an object of the same topology residing in a space of higher dimension; especially considered as a Cartesian product of two circles in a four-dimensional space

Declension

Inflection of torus
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	torus	torusen	torusar	torusarna
Genitive	torus	torusens	torusars	torusarnas

Related terms

• flat torus