torus

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See also: Torus

English[edit]

A geometrical torus

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin torus (a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

torus (plural tori or toruses)

  1. (geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).
    Hypernym: toroid
    1. (topology) A topological space which is a product of two circles.
      A 4-variable Karnaugh map can be thought of, topologically, as being a torus.
      Hyponym: solid torus
      1. (topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.) The product of the specified number of circles.
    2. A ring-shaped object, especially a large ring-shaped chamber used in physical research.
  2. (architecture) A large convex molding, typically semicircular in cross section, which commonly projects at the base of a column and above the plinth.
  3. (anatomy) A rounded ridge of bone or muscle, especially one on the occipital bone.
  4. (botany) The end of the peduncle or flower stalk to which the floral parts (or in the Asteraceae, the florets of a flower head) are attached.
    Synonyms: receptacle, thalamus
  5. (botany) The thickening of a membrane closing a wood-cell pit (as of gymnosperm tracheids) having the secondary cell wall arched over the pit cavity.

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology[edit]

From Latin torus.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: to‧rus

Noun[edit]

torus m (plural torussen, diminutive torusje n)

  1. (geometry) torus

Finnish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Latin torus.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtorus/, [ˈt̪o̞rus̠]
  • IPA(key): /ˈtoːrus/, [ˈt̪o̞ːrus̠] (proscribed)
  • Rhymes: -orus
  • Syllabification(key): to‧rus

Noun[edit]

torus

  1. (geometry, topology) torus
Declension[edit]
Inflection of torus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative torus torukset
genitive toruksen torusten
toruksien
partitive torusta toruksia
illative torukseen toruksiin
singular plural
nominative torus torukset
accusative nom. torus torukset
gen. toruksen
genitive toruksen torusten
toruksien
partitive torusta toruksia
inessive toruksessa toruksissa
elative toruksesta toruksista
illative torukseen toruksiin
adessive toruksella toruksilla
ablative torukselta toruksilta
allative torukselle toruksille
essive toruksena toruksina
translative torukseksi toruksiksi
abessive toruksetta toruksitta
instructive toruksin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of torus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative torukseni torukseni
accusative nom. torukseni torukseni
gen. torukseni
genitive torukseni torusteni
toruksieni
partitive torustani toruksiani
inessive toruksessani toruksissani
elative toruksestani toruksistani
illative torukseeni toruksiini
adessive toruksellani toruksillani
ablative torukseltani toruksiltani
allative torukselleni toruksilleni
essive toruksenani toruksinani
translative toruksekseni toruksikseni
abessive toruksettani toruksittani
instructive
comitative toruksineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative toruksesi toruksesi
accusative nom. toruksesi toruksesi
gen. toruksesi
genitive toruksesi torustesi
toruksiesi
partitive torustasi toruksiasi
inessive toruksessasi toruksissasi
elative toruksestasi toruksistasi
illative torukseesi toruksiisi
adessive toruksellasi toruksillasi
ablative torukseltasi toruksiltasi
allative toruksellesi toruksillesi
essive toruksenasi toruksinasi
translative torukseksesi toruksiksesi
abessive toruksettasi toruksittasi
instructive
comitative toruksinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative toruksemme toruksemme
accusative nom. toruksemme toruksemme
gen. toruksemme
genitive toruksemme torustemme
toruksiemme
partitive torustamme toruksiamme
inessive toruksessamme toruksissamme
elative toruksestamme toruksistamme
illative torukseemme toruksiimme
adessive toruksellamme toruksillamme
ablative torukseltamme toruksiltamme
allative toruksellemme toruksillemme
essive toruksenamme toruksinamme
translative torukseksemme toruksiksemme
abessive toruksettamme toruksittamme
instructive
comitative toruksinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative toruksenne toruksenne
accusative nom. toruksenne toruksenne
gen. toruksenne
genitive toruksenne torustenne
toruksienne
partitive torustanne toruksianne
inessive toruksessanne toruksissanne
elative toruksestanne toruksistanne
illative torukseenne toruksiinne
adessive toruksellanne toruksillanne
ablative torukseltanne toruksiltanne
allative toruksellenne toruksillenne
essive toruksenanne toruksinanne
translative torukseksenne toruksiksenne
abessive toruksettanne toruksittanne
instructive
comitative toruksinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative toruksensa toruksensa
accusative nom. toruksensa toruksensa
gen. toruksensa
genitive toruksensa torustensa
toruksiensa
partitive torustaan
torustansa
toruksiaan
toruksiansa
inessive toruksessaan
toruksessansa
toruksissaan
toruksissansa
elative toruksestaan
toruksestansa
toruksistaan
toruksistansa
illative torukseensa toruksiinsa
adessive toruksellaan
toruksellansa
toruksillaan
toruksillansa
ablative torukseltaan
torukseltansa
toruksiltaan
toruksiltansa
allative torukselleen
toruksellensa
toruksilleen
toruksillensa
essive toruksenaan
toruksenansa
toruksinaan
toruksinansa
translative toruksekseen
torukseksensa
toruksikseen
toruksiksensa
abessive toruksettaan
toruksettansa
toruksittaan
toruksittansa
instructive
comitative toruksineen
toruksinensa

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtorus/, [ˈt̪o̞rus̠]
  • Rhymes: -orus
  • Syllabification(key): to‧rus

Verb[edit]

torus

  1. second-person singular present imperative of torua (with enclitic -s)

Anagrams[edit]

Latin[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃-.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

torus m (genitive torī); second declension

  1. round, swelling, bulging place; elevation, protuberance
  2. bulge, knot
  3. (zootomy, usually poetic) muscular or fleshly part, muscle, brawn of an animal bodies
    1. (transferred sense, botany) bulge, thickness of trees
  4. raised ornament, knot on a garland
  5. (usually poetic) bolster, cushion; bed, couch, sofa
    1. marriage bed
      • 43 BCEc. 17 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.483-484:
        ausus es ante oculōs adductā paelice nostrōs
        tam bene compositum sollicitāre torum?
        Have you dared, by bringing your mistress before my eyes,
        to disturb our marriage bed so very well-composed?

        (Ariadne accuses her husband of infidelity.)
    2. (transferred sense, figuratively) marriage (sometimes any sexual relationship)
      Synonym: thalamus
  6. embankment, elevation of earth
  7. (architecture) large round molding at the base of a column
This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

Inflection[edit]

Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative torus torī
Genitive torī torōrum
Dative torō torīs
Accusative torum torōs
Ablative torō torīs
Vocative tore torī

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • torus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • torus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • torus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • torus”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia[1]
  • torus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • torus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Anagrams[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Noun[edit]

torus c

  1. (geometry, topology) torus; a shape consisting of a ring, or an object of the same topology residing in a space of higher dimension; especially considered as a Cartesian product of two circles in a four-dimensional space

Declension[edit]

Declension of torus 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative torus torusen torusar torusarna
Genitive torus torusens torusars torusarnas

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]