vinum

See also: vínům

Icelandic

Noun

vinum

1. indefinite dative plural of vinur

Latin

Alternative forms

• vīnus (nonstandard)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wīnom, from a thematicized form of Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwiː.nũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈviː.num]

Noun

vīnum n (genitive vīnī); second declension

1. wine

   Synonyms: merum, Bacchī hūmor, Bacchus

   In vīnō vēritās.

   In wine, there is truth.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.195–197:

     Vīna bonus quae deinde cadīs onerārat Acestēs
     lītore Trīnacriō dederatque abeuntibus hērōs
     dīvidit [...].

     Next, wine – which good Acestes had loaded in casks along the Sicilian shore, and [which that] hero had given upon our departures – [Aeneas] divided up.
     (See: Acestes/Acestes; Aeneas/Aeneas; “Trinacria” was an ancient name for Sicily/Sicily.)

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.305:

     vīna quiēs sequitur

     Rest is following the wines.
     Or, in more natural English, as implied by the plural vīna:
     [Drink] [enough] wine, [and] rest follows.

2. (figuratively) grapes
3. (figuratively) a grapevine

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	vīnum	vīna
genitive	vīnī	vīnōrum
dative	vīnō	vīnīs
accusative	vīnum	vīna
ablative	vīnō	vīnīs
vocative	vīnum	vīna

Hyponyms

• merum
• uva
• vappa
• vītis

Derived terms

• in vīnō vēritās
• vīnācea
• vīnāceum
• vīnāceus
• Vīnālia
• vīnālis
• vīnāriārius
• vīnārium
• vīnārius
• vīndēmia
• vīndēmiālis
• vīndēmiātor
• vīndēmiātōrius
• vīndēmiō
• vīndēmiola
• vīnea
• vīneālis
• vīneārius
• vīneāticus
• vīnētum
• vīneus
• vīnibua
• vīnifer
• vīnitor
• vīnitōrius
• vīnolentia
• vīnolentus
• vīnōsitās
• vīnōsus

Descendants

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: binu
• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: yin, yinu
  • Istro-Romanian: vir
  • Megleno-Romanian: vin
  • Romanian: vin
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Dalmatian: ven, vain
  • Istriot: veîn, vèin
  • Italian: vino (see there for further descendants)
  • Neapolitan: vino
  • Sicilian: vinu
  • Venetan: vin
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: vin
  • Ladin: vin
  • Romansch: vin, vegn
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Ligurian: vin
  • Lombard: vin
  • Piedmontese: vin
  • Romagnol: vẽn, vèin, vòin
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Northern:
    • Franco-Provençal: vin
    • Old French: vin (see there for further descendants)
  • Southern:
    • Occitan: vin
    • Old Catalan: vin
      • Catalan: vi
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: vino
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: vinho, vỹo, vinno, viño
    • Fala: viñu
    • Galician: viño, vinho (reintegrationist), vĩo (Ancarese)
    • Portuguese: vinho (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: vino, vinu
    • Extremaduran: vinu
    • Leonese: vinu
    • Mirandese: bino
  • Old Spanish: vino
    • Ladino: vino
    • Spanish: vino (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings:

• → Etruscan: 𐌅𐌉𐌍𐌖𐌌 (vinum)
• → Proto-Celtic: *wīnom (see there for further descendants)
• → Proto-Germanic: *wīną (see there for further descendants)
• → Proto-Slavic: *vino (see there for further descendants)

References

• “vinum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vinum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "vinum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “vinum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to refresh oneself, minister to one's bodily wants: corpus curare (cibo, vino, somno)
    
  • to be given to drink: vino deditum esse, indulgere
    
• “vinum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vinum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Old Norse

Noun

vinum

1. dative plural of vinr