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winnen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Winnen

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch winnen, from Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈʋɪ.nə(n)/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: win‧nen
  • Rhymes: -ɪnən

Verb

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winnen

  1. (transitive or intransitive) to win, to triumph, to be victorious (in)
  2. (transitive) to acquire
  3. (transitive) to extract, to refine, to harvest (from base materials such as ore or crops)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of winnen (strong class 3a)
infinitive winnen
past singular won
past participle gewonnen
infinitive winnen
gerund winnen n
present tense past tense
1st person singular win won
2nd person sing. (jij) wint, win2 won
2nd person sing. (u) wint won
2nd person sing. (gij) wint wont
3rd person singular wint won
plural winnen wonnen
subjunctive sing.1 winne wonne
subjunctive plur.1 winnen wonnen
imperative sing. win
imperative plur.1 wint
participles winnend gewonnen
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

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proverbs
nouns
verbs

Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: wen, win
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: won
  • Negerhollands: win, wind
  • → Sranan Tongo: wini

Low German

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Low German winnen, from Old Saxon winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).

Compare Dutch winnen, German gewinnen, English win, Norwegian vinne, Swedish vinna.

Verb

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winnen (past singular wunn, past participle wunnen, auxiliary verb hebben)

  1. to win
Conjugation
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Conjugation of winnen (class 3 strong verb)
infinitive winnen
present preterite
1st person singular winn wunn
2nd person singular winns(t) wunns(t)
3rd person singular winn(t) wunn
plural winnt, winnen wunnen
imperative
singular winn
plural winnt
present past
participle winnen (e)wunnen, gewunnen

Note: This conjugation is one of many.
Neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Etymology 2

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From Middle Low German [Term?], from Old Saxon windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Compare German winden, Dutch winden, English wind.

Verb

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winnen (past singular wunn, past participle wunnen, auxiliary verb hebben)

  1. to wind
  2. to wreathe
  3. to winch
  4. to wrest
Conjugation
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Conjugation of winnen (class 3 strong verb)
infinitive winnen
present preterite
1st person singular winn wunn
2nd person singular winns(t) wunns(t)
3rd person singular winn(t) wunn
plural winnt, winnen wunnen
imperative
singular winn
plural winnt
present past
participle winnen (e)wunnen, gewunnen

Note: This conjugation is one of many.
Neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Luxembourgish

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Etymology

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From Middle High German wenen, from Old High German wennen, from Proto-Germanic *wanjaną. Cognate with German gewöhnen (with prefix ge-).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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winnen (third-person singular present winnt, past participle gewinnt, auxiliary verb hunn)

  1. (reflexive, with preposition un) to get used to, to adapt to, to familiarise with
  2. (transitive) to bring up, to raise, to nurture

Conjugation

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Regular
infinitive winnen
participle gewinnt
auxiliary hunn
present
indicative 		imperative
1st singular winnen —
2nd singular winns winn
3rd singular winnt —
1st plural winnen —
2nd plural winnt winnt
3rd plural winnen —

(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel.

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).

Verb

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winnen

  1. to win, to acquire through effort, to earn
  2. to acquire, to get
  3. to gain
  4. to delve, to mine
  5. to conquer, to take
  6. (of a male) to beget (a child), to sire
  7. (of a female) to give birth to

Inflection

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Conjugation of winnen (strong class 3)
infinitive base form winnen
genitive winnens
dative winnene
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular winne wan winne wonne
2nd person singular wins, winnes wons, wonnes wins, winnes wonnes
3rd person singular wint, winnet wan winne wonne
1st person plural winnen wonnen winnen wonnen
2nd person plural wint, winnet wont, wonnet wint, winnet wonnet
3rd person plural winnen wonnen winnen wonnen
imperative
singular win, winne
plural wint, winnet
present past
participle winnende gewonnen

Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old English winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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winnen (third-person singular simple present winneth, present participle winnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative wan, past participle wonnen)

  1. to exert effort, strive for
  2. to fight against, war against
  3. to suffer
  4. to gain (territory, wisdom, success, a cow, a prize, etc.)
  5. to make profit, a living, earn a salary
  6. to beget
  7. to defeat, triumph over, subjugate
  8. to proceed, go
  9. to take, remove

Conjugation

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Conjugation of winnen (strong class 3)
infinitive (to) winnen, winne
present tense past tense
1st-person singular winne wan, won
2nd-person singular winnest wonne, wanne, wan, won
3rd-person singular winneth wan, won
subjunctive singular winne wonne1, wanne1
imperative singular —
plural2 winnen, winne wonnen, wonne, wannen, wanne
imperative plural winneth, winne —
participles winnynge, winnende wonnen, wonne, ywonnen, ywonne

1 Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

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Descendants

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References

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