σπήλαιον
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same Pre-Greek source as σπέος (spéos) and σπῆλυγξ (spêlunx).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /spɛ̌ː.lai̯.on/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈspe̝.lɛ.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈspi.lɛ.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈspi.le.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈspi.le.on/
Noun
[edit]σπήλαιον • (spḗlaion) n (genitive σπελαίου); second declension
- grotto, cave, cavern
- den, lair
- 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 21:13:
- καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Γέγραπται ὁ οἶκός μου οἶκος προσευχῆς κληθήσεται· ὑμεῖς δὲ αὐτὸν ποιεῖτε σπήλαιον λῃστῶν.
- kaì légei autoîs, Gégraptai ho oîkós mou oîkos proseukhês klēthḗsetai; humeîs dè autòn poieîte spḗlaion lēistôn.
- And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves. (KJV)
- καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Γέγραπται ὁ οἶκός μου οἶκος προσευχῆς κληθήσεται· ὑμεῖς δὲ αὐτὸν ποιεῖτε σπήλαιον λῃστῶν.
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ σπήλαιον tò spḗlaion |
τὼ σπηλαίω tṑ spēlaíō |
τᾰ̀ σπήλαιᾰ tà spḗlaia | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ σπηλαίου toû spēlaíou |
τοῖν σπηλαίοιν toîn spēlaíoin |
τῶν σπηλαίων tôn spēlaíōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ σπηλαίῳ tôi spēlaíōi |
τοῖν σπηλαίοιν toîn spēlaíoin |
τοῖς σπηλαίοις toîs spēlaíois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ σπήλαιον tò spḗlaion |
τὼ σπηλαίω tṑ spēlaíō |
τᾰ̀ σπήλαιᾰ tà spḗlaia | ||||||||||
Vocative | σπήλαιον spḗlaion |
σπηλαίω spēlaíō |
σπήλαιᾰ spḗlaia | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Descendants
[edit]Descendants
- Greek: σπηλιά (spiliá)
- → Albanian: shpellë
- → Coptic: ⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ (spēlaion), ⲥⲡⲏⲗⲩⲟⲛ (spēluon) — Sahidic; ⲥⲡⲉⲗⲉⲱⲛ (speleōn) — Bohairic
- → English: speleo-
- → French: spéléo-
- → Hungarian: szpeleo-
- → Italian: speleo-
- → Latvian: speleo-
- → Serbo-Croatian: speleo-
- →⇒ Translingual: Spelerpes
- → Italian: spelerpe
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1382
Further reading
[edit]- σπήλαιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- “σπήλαιον”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
- “σπήλαιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- G4693 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- grc:Landforms