госпожа

Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian госпожа (gospoža), replacing earlier Old Church Slavonic госпожда (gospožda) and Middle Bulgarian господжа (gospodža). Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *gospoďa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡospoˈʒa̟]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

госпожа́ • (gospožá) f (masculine господи́н)

1. female equivalent of господи́н (gospodín): lady (a polite term referring to a woman)
2. female equivalent of господи́н (gospodín): Mrs (title before woman's name)
3. female equivalent of господи́н (gospodín): madam, ma'am (polite term of address to a woman)

Declension

Declension of госпожа́

	singular	plural
indefinite	госпожа́ gospožá	госпо́жи gospóži
definite	госпожа́та gospožáta	госпо́жите gospóžite
vocative form	госпо́жо, госпожа́, госпо́же1, госпо́жа2 gospóžo, gospožá, gospóže1, gospóža2	госпо́жи gospóži

¹Archaic.
²Archaic or dialectal.

References

• “госпожа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “госпожа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “господ; госпожа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 267

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gospoďa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡəspɐˈʐa]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

госпожа́ • (gospožá) f anim (genitive госпожи́, nominative plural госпожи́, genitive plural госпо́ж, masculine господи́н)

1. female equivalent of господи́н (gospodín): lady, gentlewoman, dame (a woman of a high rank or position)
2. (formal, term of address) madam, ma'am, Mrs., Miss (polite, formal term of address for a woman)

   Synonym: (abbreviation) г-жа (g-ža)

3. lady, mistress (the mistress of a household of servants or a manor)

   Synonyms: хозя́йка (xozjájka), (historical) ба́рыня (bárynja)

Declension

Declension of госпожа́ (anim fem-form sibilant-stem accent-b irreg) 

	singular	plural
nominative	госпожа́ gospožá	госпожи́ gospoží
genitive	госпожи́ gospoží	госпо́ж△ gospóž△
dative	госпоже́ gospožé	госпожа́м gospožám
accusative	госпожу́ gospožú	госпо́ж△ gospóž△
instrumental	госпожо́й, госпожо́ю gospožój, gospožóju	госпожа́ми gospožámi
prepositional	госпоже́ gospožé	госпожа́х gospožáx

^△ Irregular.

Pre-reform declension of госпожа́ (anim fem-form sibilant-stem accent-b irreg) 

	singular	plural
nominative	госпожа́ gospožá	госпожи́ gospoží
genitive	госпожи́ gospoží	госпо́жъ△ gospóž△
dative	госпожѣ́ gospožě́	госпожа́мъ gospožám
accusative	госпожу́ gospožú	госпо́жъ△ gospóž△
instrumental	госпожо́й, госпожо́ю gospožój, gospožóju	госпожа́ми gospožámi
prepositional	госпожѣ́ gospožě́	госпожа́хъ gospožáx

^△ Irregular.

Related terms

• господа́рь (gospodárʹ)
• госпо́день (gospódenʹ)
• господи́н (gospodín)
• госпо́дний (gospódnij)
• госпо́дский (gospódskij)
• госпо́дство (gospódstvo)
• Госпо́дь (Gospódʹ)

Descendants

• → Bulgarian: госпожа (gospoža)