աստուած

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Armenian[edit]

Noun[edit]

աստուած (astuac)

  1. Traditional orthography spelling of աստված (astvac)

Declension[edit]

Old Armenian[edit]

The word Աստուած (Astuac, God) abbreviated. Only the first and the last letters are written, under the Armenian abbreviation mark.

Etymology[edit]

Most likely borrowed from an Anatolian compound of the form *Aššu-Tiwaz (good deity/lord, good Sun-god, good dawn/day or the like), for whose constituents see Hittite [script needed] (aššu-), Luwian 𒉿𒀀𒋗𒍑 (wa-a-šu-uš /⁠wāsus⁠/, good) and Luwian 𒋾𒉿𒊍 (tiwaz, Sun-god). The compound is attested as Hittite [script needed] (aššu-šiwatt-, good day), which is cognate with Sanskrit सुद्युत् (su-dyút, having magnificent lustre).[1][2][3] Numerous other etymologies have been proposed.

Noun[edit]

աստուած (astuac)

  1. idol, false god, pagan god
  2. (capitalized, singular only) God of Christianity
    արար Ած՟ զաշխարհս յանգոյիցarar Ac. zašxarhs yangoyicʿGod created the world from nothing
    տալ փառս Այ՟tal pʿaṙs Ay.to glorify God, to give or render glory to God, to thank God
    ի պատկեր Այ՟i patker Ay.in the image of God

Usage notes[edit]

In the sense of “God” the word was always abbreviated. See the picture.

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: աստված (astvac)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Xačaturova, Je. G. (1979) “Drevnejšije armjano-indo-iranskije jazykovyje kontakty [The oldest Armenian – Indo-Iranian language contacts]”, in Ē. B. Aġayan, editor, Hayocʿ lezvi hamematakan kʿerakanutʿyan harcʿer (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 373–374
  2. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2015) “Notes on Anatolian loanwords in Armenian”, in International Conference “Armenian language contacts through the ages” (12–15 May 2015, St. Petersburg, Institute for linguistic studies, Russian Academy of sciences)[1], Paper presented at a conference, page 8
  3. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2019) “Traces of Indo-European ‘Father Sky, God’ in Armenian”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, pages 197–201
  4. ^ Karst, Josef (1901) Historische Grammatik des Kilikisch-Armenischen (in German), Karl J. Trübner: Strassburg, page 43
  5. ^ Meillet, Antoine (1913) Altarmenisches Elementarbuch (in German), Heidelberg: C. Winter, page 20
  6. ^ Meillet, Antoine (1936) Esquisse d’une grammaire comparée de l’arménien classique (in French), 2nd edition, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 22
  7. ^ Schmitt, Rüdiger (1981) Grammatik des Klassisch-Armenischen mit sprachvergleichenden Erläuterungen (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 32) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, page 42

Further reading[edit]

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971) “աստուած”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 279–282, accepting Marr's etymology
  • Awetikʿean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աստուած”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “աստուած”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, considering two proposals most probable: 1) A compound whose first component is cognate with Proto-Germanic *ansuz and the second is either *deywós (god) + -ած (-ac) or *տուած (*tuac, given), from տու- (tu-) +‎ -ած (-ac). 2) From the root աստ- (ast-), which is a by-form of հաստ (hast), although usually mistakenly connected with ազդ (azd); compare աստի (asti, firm, sure; vehement, impetuous, strong).
  • Marr, N. Ja. (1911) “Бог Σαβάζιος у армян [The God Σαβάζιος among Armenians]”, in Известия Российской Академии Наук. VI серия[2] (in Russian), volume 5, number 10, pages 759–774, deriving from the chief Phrygian god Σαβάζιος (Sabázios, Sabazios), but this is phonetically impossible
  • Petrosean, Matatʿeay (1879) “աստուած”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy