אין

Aramaic

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

אֵין • (ʾēn)

1. yes

Antonyms

• לָא (lā)

Hebrew

Etymology

Compare Ugaritic 𐎛𐎐 (ỉn) and Arabic إِنْ (ʔin).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)en/

• Audio

  (file)

Particle

אֵין • (ʾên)

1. There is not, there are not: used in expressing non-existence in the present tense.

   אין אפשרות אחרת? ― ʾên efšarút aḥéret? ― Is there no other option?

   אין מקום בשביל זה. ― ʾên maqóm bišĭḇíl-zé. ― There's no room [or not enough room] for it.

   • Popular Piyyut of unknown authorship:

     אֵין אַדִּיר כַּאדֹנָי / וְאֵין בָּרוּךְ כְּבֶן עַמְרָם / אֵין גְּדוֹלָה כַּתּוֹרָה / וְאֵין דּוֹרְשָׁהּ כְּיִשְׂרָאֵל

     'ēn 'adír kadonái / v'éin barúkh k'vén 'amrám / 'ēn g'dolá katorá / v'ēn dor'sháh k'yisra'él

     There is no one powerful like the Lord / And there is no one blessed like the son of Amram / There is nothing great like the Torah / And there is no one professing it like Israel.

2. Used in expressing non-possession in the present tense.

   אין לנו כרטיסים. ― ēn lánu kartisím. ― We don't have tickets. [literally There are not to us tickets.]

   1. (colloquial) With a definite object.

      אין לנו את הכרטיסים. ― ēn lánu et hakartisím. ― We don't have the tickets.

3. (dated or formal) Not, is not, are not: a negative present-tense copula.
   1. Used uninflected, preceding the subject.
      • a. 10 B.C.E., Hillel the Elder, quoted in Pirkei Avot 1:14:

        הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר אִם אֵין אֲנִי לִי. מִי לִי. וּכְשֶׁאֲנִי לְעַצְמִי. מָה אֲנִי. וְאִם לֹא עַכְשָׁיו. אֵימָתָי:

        hu haya omer im ein ani li, mi li, ukh'she'ani l'atzmi, ma ani, v'im lo akhshav, eimatai.

        He [Hillel] used to say, “If I am not for me, who is for me? And when I am for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?”

      • 1742, Chaim ibn Attar, אור החיים (or hakhayím), to Numbers 26:54, reprinted in, 1872, חמשה חומשי תורה, volume 4, Zhytomyr,  [1]:

        לאלה תחלק הארץ שהם באי הארץ ועדיין אין אני יודע אם דוקא להבאים לכלל עשרים או לכלל באי הארץ ואפי׳ לאותם שלא הגיעו לכלל עשרים

        "To these shall the land be divided", which are those who enter the land; but I still am not knowing if specifically to those who have entered the sum [age] of twenty or to the totality of those who enter the land, even those who have not reached the sum [age] of twenty

   2. With incorporated personal pronoun, preceding the predicate.
      • 1994, Yoram Taharlev (יורם טהרלב, lyricist), Dana International (singer), “ישנן בנות” (yeshnán banót, “Some Girls”, song), in Dana International, “אומפטמפה” (Umpatampa, album):

        אבל אני איני כזאת \ אבל אני איני, איני כזאת \ עם מי שאין לי בטחון \ אנ'לא יוצאת גם לירקון.

        avál aní einí kazót / avál aní einí, einí kazót / im mi she'éin li bitakhón / anló yotsét gam layarkón.

        But I am not like that / but I am not, am not like that / with someone I don't have security with / I don't even go to Hayarkon.

Inflection

Inflection table

Non-personal-pronoun-including form				אֵין ('ến)
Personal-pronoun- including forms	Singular		Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Masculine	Feminine
First person	אֵינֶנִּי ('ênénnî), אֵינִי ('ênî́)		אֵינֶנּוּ ('ênénnû)
Second person	אֵינְךָ ('ênăḵā́)	אֵינֵךְ ('ênḗḵ)	אֵינְכֶם ('êněḵém)	אֵינְכֶן ('êněḵén)
Third person	אֵינֶנּוּ ('ênénnû), אֵינוֹ ('ênố)	ּאֵינֶנָּה ('ênénnāh), אֵינָהּ ('ênā́h)	אֵינָם ('ênám)	אֵינָן ('ênā́n)

Synonyms

• (there is not): לֹא הָיָה (ló hāyā́) (verb)
• (expressing non-possession): לֹא הָיָה (ló hāyā́) (verb)
• (not): לֹא (ló) (adverb), לֹא הָיָה (ló hāyā́) (verb)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of "there is not"): יֵשׁ (yēš) (particle), הָיָה (hāyā́) (verb)
• (antonym(s) of "expressing non-possession"): יֵשׁ (yēš) (particle), הָיָה (hāyā́) (verb)
• (antonym(s) of "is not"): הינה / הִנֵּה (hinḗ) (particle), הָיָה (hāyā́) (verb)

Derived terms

• אֵין בְּעַד מָה (éin beád má)
• אֵין סוֹף (ʾēn sṓp̄)
• אֵין קֵץ (ʾēn kḗṣ)

References

• H369 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Noun

אַיִן • (ʾáyin) m [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. nothing
2. (philosophy) nothingness

Derived terms

• יֵשׁ מֵאַיִן (yēš meʾáyin)

Anagrams

• אני

Ladino

Preposition

אין (Hebrew spelling, Latin spelling en)

1. in
   • 1910, Ben Yitzhak Saserdoti, Refael i Miriam, page 3:

     מילייארדאס די איסטרילייאס רילומבראבֿאן איינדה אין איל פירמאמינטו

     Milyardas de estrelyas relumbravan ainda en el firmamento

     Billions of stars were still shining in the firmament

Yiddish

Etymology

From Middle High German in, from Old High German in, from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [in]

Preposition

אין • (in) (contracted dem-form אינעם (inem) or אין (in))

1. in
2. into