ساعة

See also: ساعت and سائەت

Arabic

Etymology

According to Nöldeke, Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa) and Ge'ez ሰዓት (säʿat), ሳዐት (saʿät) are borrowed from Aramaic שָׁעְתָא / ܫܳܥܬܳܐ (šāʿəṯā). Leslau does not dispute this. Compare Hebrew שָׁעָה (šāʿā́) and Mehri سات.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saː.ʕa/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

سَاعَة • (sāʕa) f (plural سَاعَات (sāʕāt) or سَاع (sāʕ))

1. hour (unit of time)
2. short time, a while
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:34:

     فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ

     faʔiḏā jāʔa ʔajaluhum lā yastaʔḵirūna sāʕatan walā yastaqdimūna

     There is a [preordained] time for every nation: when their time comes, they shall not defer it by a single hour nor shall they advance it.

3. timepiece, clock, watch
4. (with the definite article, Islam) judgement day
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 79:42:

     يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرْسَاهَا

     yasʔalūnaka ʕani s-sāʕati ʔayyāna mursāhā

     They ask you concerning the Hour, “When will it set in?"

Declension

Declension of noun سَاعَة (sāʕa)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَاعَة sāʕa	السَّاعَة as-sāʕa	سَاعَة sāʕat
Nominative	سَاعَةٌ sāʕatun	السَّاعَةُ as-sāʕatu	سَاعَةُ sāʕatu
Accusative	سَاعَةً sāʕatan	السَّاعَةَ as-sāʕata	سَاعَةَ sāʕata
Genitive	سَاعَةٍ sāʕatin	السَّاعَةِ as-sāʕati	سَاعَةِ sāʕati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَاعَتَيْن sāʕatayn	السَّاعَتَيْن as-sāʕatayn	سَاعَتَيْ sāʕatay
Nominative	سَاعَتَانِ sāʕatāni	السَّاعَتَانِ as-sāʕatāni	سَاعَتَا sāʕatā
Accusative	سَاعَتَيْنِ sāʕatayni	السَّاعَتَيْنِ as-sāʕatayni	سَاعَتَيْ sāʕatay
Genitive	سَاعَتَيْنِ sāʕatayni	السَّاعَتَيْنِ as-sāʕatayni	سَاعَتَيْ sāʕatay
Plural	sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَاعَات‎; سَاع sāʕāt‎; sāʕ	السَّاعَات‎; السَّاع as-sāʕāt‎; as-sāʕ	سَاعَات‎; سَاع sāʕāt‎; sāʕ
Nominative	سَاعَاتٌ‎; سَاعٌ sāʕātun‎; sāʕun	السَّاعَاتُ‎; السَّاعُ as-sāʕātu‎; as-sāʕu	سَاعَاتُ‎; سَاعُ sāʕātu‎; sāʕu
Accusative	سَاعَاتٍ‎; سَاعًا sāʕātin‎; sāʕan	السَّاعَاتِ‎; السَّاعَ as-sāʕāti‎; as-sāʕa	سَاعَاتِ‎; سَاعَ sāʕāti‎; sāʕa
Genitive	سَاعَاتٍ‎; سَاعٍ sāʕātin‎; sāʕin	السَّاعَاتِ‎; السَّاعِ as-sāʕāti‎; as-sāʕi	سَاعَاتِ‎; سَاعِ sāʕāti‎; sāʕi

Derived terms

• صَلَاة السَّاعَات الْكَبِيرَة (ṣalā(t) as-sāʕāt al-kabīra)

Descendants

• Maltese: siegħa
• Egyptian Arabic: ساعة (sāʕa)
• Moroccan Arabic: ساعة (sāʕa)
• → Abaza: сахӏат (saḥat)
• → Abkhaz: асааҭ (asaat)
• → Adyghe: сыхьат (səḥat)
• → Avar: сагӏат (saʻat)
• → Chechen: сахьт (saḥʳt)
• → Hausa: sa'a
  • → Yoruba: sáà, سَا
• → Indonesian: saat
• → Karaim: саат (saat)
• → Lishana Deni: סאעא (sāʕa)
• → Lithuanian: sahatas
• → Malay: saat, ساعت
• → Middle Armenian: սահաթ (sahatʻ)
  • Armenian: սահաթ (sahatʻ)
• → Ossetian: сахат (saxat)
• → Classical Persian: ساعت (sā'at)
  • → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܣܵܥܲܬ (sāʿat)
  • → Azerbaijani: saat
  • → Bashkir: сәғәт (səğət)
  • → Kazakh: сағат (sağat), сәт (sät)
  • → Chagatai: ساعت
    • Uyghur: سائەت (sa'et)
    • Uzbek: soat
  • → Chuvash: сехет (seh̬et)
  • → Georgian: საათი (saati)
    • → Bats: საათ (saat)
  • → Kazakh: сағат (sağat)
  • → Northern Kurdish: seet
  • → Kyrgyz: саат (saat)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: ساعت
    • Turkish: saat
    • → Albanian: sahat
    • → Macedonian: са́ат (sáat)
    • → Serbo-Croatian: са̑т/sȃt
  • → Tatar: сәгать (sägat’)
  • → Turkmen: sagat, сагат
• → Somali: saacad
• → Swahili: saa
  • → Iraqw: saa'a
  • → Kikuyu: thaa
  • → Luo: sa
  • → Lingala: sâ
  • → Luganda: essaawa
  • → Pökoot: saa
  • → Rwanda-Rundi: isaha, saa
• → Wolof: saa

References

• Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 481
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎^[1] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 44

Egyptian Arabic

Noun

ساعة • (sāʿa) f

1. hour
2. watch

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saː.ʕa/

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

ساعة • (sāʕa) f (dual ساعتين (saʕtayn), plural سوايع (swāyiʕ) or ساعات (sāʕāt))

1. hour
2. clock
3. (in the plural) private lessons

See also

• تانية (tāniya, tānya, “second”)
• دقيقة (dqīqa, “minute”)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saː.ʕa/, [ˈsæː.ʕa], [ˈsaː.ʕa]

• Audio (Amman)

  (file)

Noun

ساعة • (sāʕa) f (plural ساعات (sāʕāt))

1. hour

   قديش الساعة؟

   ʔaddēš is-sāʕa?

   What time is it?

   (literally, “How much is the hour?”)

   Audio (Ramallah)

   (file)

   الساعة تنتين.

   is-sāʕa tintēn

   It's two o'clock.

   (literally, “The hour [is] two.”)

2. clock, watch

Usage notes

• Since ساعة (sāʕa) is feminine, واحد (wāḥad) and تنين (tnen) — the only two numbers with gendered forms — display feminine gender agreement when they refer to the hour of day.

See also

• (units of time) وحدات الوقت (waḥdāt il-waʔt); سنة (sane, “year”), شهر (šahr, “month”), أسبوع (ʔusbūʕ, “week”), يوم (yōm, “day”), ساعة (sāʕa, “hour”), دقيقة (daʔīʔa, “minute”), ثانية (ṯānye, “second”), لحظة (laḥẓa, “moment”)

Telling time in South Levantine Arabic · الساعة (“is-sāʕa”) (layout · text)
تنعش (tnaʕš)	تنعش وخمسة (tnaʕš w-ḵamse)	تنعش وعشرة (tnaʕš w-ʕašara)	تنعش وربع (tnaʕš w-rubʕ)	تنعش وتلت (tnaʕš w-tult)	تنعش ونصّ إلّا خمسة (tnaʕš w-noṣṣ illa ḵamse)
تنعش ونصّ (tnaʕš w-noṣṣ)	تنعش ونصّ خمسة (tnaʕš w-noṣṣ ḵamse)	واحدة إلّا تلت (waḥde illa tult)	واحدة إلّا ربع (waḥde illa rubʕ)	واحدة إلّا عشرة (waḥde illa ʕašara)	واحدة إلّا خمسة (waḥde illa ḵamse)