شقا

Arabic

Alternative forms

• أَشْقَى (ʔašqā)

Verb

شَقَا • (šaqā) I (non-past يَشْقُو (yašqū), verbal noun شَقْو (šaqw)) (transitive)

1. to make unhappy, to make wretched, to distress

Conjugation

    Conjugation of شَقَا (I, final-weak, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun شَقْو)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						شَقْو šaqw
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						شَاقٍ šāqin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَشْقُوّ mašquww
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	شَقَوْتُ šaqawtu	شَقَوْتَ šaqawta	شَقَا šaqā		شَقَوْتُمَا šaqawtumā	شَقَوَا šaqawā		شَقَوْنَا šaqawnā	شَقَوْتُمْ šaqawtum	شَقَوْا šaqaw
	f		شَقَوْتِ šaqawti	شَقَتْ šaqat			شَقَتَا šaqatā			شَقَوْتُنَّ šaqawtunna	شَقَوْنَ šaqawna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَشْقُو ʔašqū	تَشْقُو tašqū	يَشْقُو yašqū		تَشْقُوَانِ tašquwāni	يَشْقُوَانِ yašquwāni		نَشْقُو našqū	تَشْقُونَ tašqūna	يَشْقُونَ yašqūna
	f		تَشْقِينَ tašqīna	تَشْقُو tašqū			تَشْقُوَانِ tašquwāni			تَشْقُونَ tašqūna	يَشْقُونَ yašqūna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَشْقُوَ ʔašquwa	تَشْقُوَ tašquwa	يَشْقُوَ yašquwa		تَشْقُوَا tašquwā	يَشْقُوَا yašquwā		نَشْقُوَ našquwa	تَشْقُوا tašqū	يَشْقُوا yašqū
	f		تَشْقِي tašqī	تَشْقُوَ tašquwa			تَشْقُوَا tašquwā			تَشْقُونَ tašqūna	يَشْقُونَ yašqūna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَشْقُ ʔašqu	تَشْقُ tašqu	يَشْقُ yašqu		تَشْقُوَا tašquwā	يَشْقُوَا yašquwā		نَشْقُ našqu	تَشْقُوا tašqū	يَشْقُوا yašqū
	f		تَشْقِي tašqī	تَشْقُ tašqu			تَشْقُوَا tašquwā			تَشْقُونَ tašqūna	يَشْقُونَ yašqūna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُشْقُ ušqu			اُشْقُوَا ušquwā				اُشْقُوا ušqū
	f		اُشْقِي ušqī							اُشْقُونَ ušqūna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	شُقِيتُ šuqītu	شُقِيتَ šuqīta	شُقِيَ šuqiya		شُقِيتُمَا šuqītumā	شُقِيَا šuqiyā		شُقِينَا šuqīnā	شُقِيتُمْ šuqītum	شُقُوا šuqū
	f		شُقِيتِ šuqīti	شُقِيَتْ šuqiyat			شُقِيَتَا šuqiyatā			شُقِيتُنَّ šuqītunna	شُقِينَ šuqīna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُشْقَى ʔušqā	تُشْقَى tušqā	يُشْقَى yušqā		تُشْقَيَانِ tušqayāni	يُشْقَيَانِ yušqayāni		نُشْقَى nušqā	تُشْقَوْنَ tušqawna	يُشْقَوْنَ yušqawna
	f		تُشْقَيْنَ tušqayna	تُشْقَى tušqā			تُشْقَيَانِ tušqayāni			تُشْقَيْنَ tušqayna	يُشْقَيْنَ yušqayna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُشْقَى ʔušqā	تُشْقَى tušqā	يُشْقَى yušqā		تُشْقَيَا tušqayā	يُشْقَيَا yušqayā		نُشْقَى nušqā	تُشْقَوْا tušqaw	يُشْقَوْا yušqaw
	f		تُشْقَيْ tušqay	تُشْقَى tušqā			تُشْقَيَا tušqayā			تُشْقَيْنَ tušqayna	يُشْقَيْنَ yušqayna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُشْقَ ʔušqa	تُشْقَ tušqa	يُشْقَ yušqa		تُشْقَيَا tušqayā	يُشْقَيَا yušqayā		نُشْقَ nušqa	تُشْقَوْا tušqaw	يُشْقَوْا yušqaw
	f		تُشْقَيْ tušqay	تُشْقَ tušqa			تُشْقَيَا tušqayā			تُشْقَيْنَ tušqayna	يُشْقَيْنَ yušqayna

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• شاقه (şaka)

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَقَاء (šaqāʔ, “misery, wretchedness”); the meaning "joke, prank" may be an ironic derivation from the Arabic word.

Noun

شقا • (şaka) (definite accusative شقای (şakayı), plural شقالر (şakalar))

1. misery, wretchedness, an unhappy state of mental or physical suffering
2. joke, prank, jest, anything said or done in amusement, not in seriousness

   Synonyms: اویون (oyun), لطیفه (latife)

Derived terms

• ال شقا (el şaka, “practical joke”)
• شقا ایتمك (şaka etmek, “to jest, to play jokes”)
• شقاجی (şakacı, “joker, jester”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: şaka
• → Albanian: shaka
• → Armenian: շախա (šaxa)
• → Iraqi Arabic: شقة (šaqa)

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şaka1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4418
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “شقا”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 288a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شقا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 730
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Petulantia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1295
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شقا”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2832
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “şaka”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شقا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1130