पद्

See also: पद and पाद

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পদ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
• পদ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ပဒ် (Burmese script)
• પદ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਪਦੑ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಪದ್ (Kannada script)
• បទ៑ (Khmer script)
• ປທ຺ (Lao script)
• പദ് (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
• ପଦ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
• පද් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
• பத்³ (Tamil script)
• పద్ (Telugu script)
• ปทฺ (Thai script)
• པ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɐ́d/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /pɐd̪/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pā́ts (“foot”), from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (“foot”).

Cognates:

Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬛 (pad), Hittite 𒉺𒋫 (pa-ta), Ancient Greek πούς (poús), Latin pēs, Persian پا (pâ), Old Armenian ոտն (otn), German Fuß, Old English fōt (whence English foot).

Noun

पद् • (pád) stem, m

1. a foot
2. step
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 01.154.05:

     tád asya priyám abhí pā́tho aśyāṃ
     náro yátra devayávo mádanti
     urukramásya sá hí bándhur itthā
     víṣṇoḥ padé paramé mádhva útsaḥ

     Might I reach that dear cattle-pen of his, where men seeking the gods find elation, for exactly that is the bond to the wide-striding one: the wellspring of mead in the highest step of Viṣṇu.

3. fourth part, quarter

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of पद् (pád)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पात् pā́t	पादाउ / पादा pā́dāu / pā́dā	पादः pā́daḥ
Vocative	पात् pā́t	पादाउ / पादा pā́dāu / pā́dā	पादः pā́daḥ
Accusative	पादम् pā́dam	पादाउ / पादा pā́dāu / pā́dā	पदः padáḥ
Instrumental	पदा padā́	पद्भ्याम् / पड्भ्याम् padbhyā́m / paḍbhyā́m	पद्भिः / पड्भिः padbhíḥ / paḍbhíḥ
Dative	पदे padé	पद्भ्याम् / पड्भ्याम् padbhyā́m / paḍbhyā́m	पद्भ्यः / पड्भ्यः padbhyáḥ / paḍbhyáḥ
Ablative	पदः padáḥ	पद्भ्याम् / पड्भ्याम् padbhyā́m / paḍbhyā́m	पद्भ्यः / पड्भ्यः padbhyáḥ / paḍbhyáḥ
Genitive	पदः padáḥ	पदोः padóḥ	पदाम् padā́m
Locative	पदि padí	पदोः padóḥ	पत्सु patsú

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Bengali: পা (pa)
  • Early Assamese: পাৱ (pawo)
    • Assamese: পা (pa), পাও (paü)
  • Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠅ (fao)
• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: پۆد (pod, “foot, position”)
• Hindi: पांव (pāmv)
• Marathi: पाय (pāy)
• Pali: pada, pāda
• Urdu: پاؤں (pā̃v)
• → Tamil: பாதம் (pātam)
• → Telugu: పదము (padamu)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pád-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pád (“to move, go”), from the same ultimate origin as Etymology 1, perhaps with semantic influence from the root underlying पत् (pat, “to fall”).

Root

पद् • (pad)

1. to fall, fall down or out, perish
2. to go, resort or apply to, participate in, keep, observe

Derived terms

• अपत्सि (apatsi)
• अपद्महि (apadmahi)
• उत्पन्न (utpanna, “arisen, produced”)
• पत्तवे (pattave)
• पत्ता (pattā)
• पत्थास् (patthās)
• पत्स्यति (patsyati)
• पत्स्यते (patsyate)
• पत्स्व (patsva)
• पदयते (padayate)
• पदाति (padāti)
• पदीष्ट (padīṣṭa)
• पद्यति (padyati)
• पद्यते (pádyate, “goes”)
• पद्याम् (padyām)
• पनीपदीति (panīpadīti)
• पनीपद्यते (panīpadyate)
• पपाद (papāda)
• पादयति (pādayati)
• पादयते (pādayate)
• पाद्यते (pādyate)
• पित्सते (pitsate)
• पिपादयिषति (pipādayiṣati)
• पेदे (pede)

 

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 582/3, 583/1.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 94