हिम

See also: ह्म, हम, and हामी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit हिम (himá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”). Doublet of हिँव (hĩv), a tadbhava.

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɦɪm/, [ɦɪ̃m]

Noun

हिम • (him) m (Urdu spelling ہم)

1. snow, ice, frost

   Synonym: बर्फ़ (barf)

   अगला हिम युग कब आएगा इसका सटीक आकलन फिलहाल नहीं किया जा सका है।

   aglā him yug kab āegā iskā saṭīk āklan philhāl nahī̃ kiyā jā sakā hai.

   Currently, we cannot accurately estimate when the next ice age will arrive.

Declension

Declension of हिम (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	हिम him	हिम him
oblique	हिम him	हिमों himõ
vocative	हिम him	हिमो himo

Derived terms

Derived terms

• हिमाचल (himācal, “land of snow-clad mountains”)
• हिमाद्रि (himādri, “snow peak”)
• हिमालय (himālay, “abode of snow”)
• हिमानि (himāni, “fjord”)
• हिमांक (himāṅk, “freezing point”)
• हिमांशु (himāñśu, “moon”)
• हिमकंदुक (himkanduk, “snowball”)
• हिमनदी (himandī, “glacier, ice-river”)
• हिमपात (himpāt, “snowfall”)
• हिममानव (himmānav, “snowman”)
• हिमशिखर (himśikhar, “ice-cap”)
• हिमलंब (himlamb, “icicle”)
• हिमशैल (himśail, “iceberg”)
• हिमतेंदुआ (himtenduā, “snow leopard”)
• हिमवंत (himvant, “snow-like, bright”)
• हिमेश (himeś, “lord of snow”)

References

• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “हिम”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• hima (Latin script)
• 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• হিম (Bengali script)
• හිම (Sinhalese script)
• ဟိမ or ႁိမ (Burmese script)
• หิม or หิมะ (Thai script)
• ᩉᩥᨾ (Tai Tham script)
• ຫິມ or ຫິມະ (Lao script)
• ហិម (Khmer script)
• 𑄦𑄨𑄟 (Chakma script)

Noun

हिम n

1. Devanagari script form of hima (“snow”)

Declension

Declension table of "हिम" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	हिमं (himaṃ)	हिमानि (himāni)
Accusative (second)	हिमं (himaṃ)	हिमानि (himāni)
Instrumental (third)	हिमेन (himena)	हिमेहि (himehi) or हिमेभि (himebhi)
Dative (fourth)	हिमस्स (himassa) or हिमाय (himāya) or हिमत्थं (himatthaṃ)	हिमानं (himānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	हिमस्मा (himasmā) or हिमम्हा (himamhā) or हिमा (himā)	हिमेहि (himehi) or हिमेभि (himebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	हिमस्स (himassa)	हिमानं (himānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	हिमस्मिं (himasmiṃ) or हिमम्हि (himamhi) or हिमे (hime)	हिमेसु (himesu)
Vocative (calling)	हिम (hima)	हिमानि (himāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• হিম (Assamese script)
• ᬳᬶᬫ (Balinese script)
• হিম (Bengali script)
• 𑰮𑰰𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• ဟိမ (Burmese script)
• હિમ (Gujarati script)
• ਹਿਮ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌹𑌿𑌮 (Grantha script)
• ꦲꦶꦩ (Javanese script)
• 𑂯𑂱𑂧 (Kaithi script)
• ಹಿಮ (Kannada script)
• ហិម (Khmer script)
• ຫິມ (Lao script)
• ഹിമ (Malayalam script)
• ᡥᡳᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘮𑘱𑘦 (Modi script)
• ᠾᠢᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧎𑧒𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐴𑐶𑐩 (Newa script)
• ହିମ (Odia script)
• ꢲꢶꢪ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆲𑆴𑆩 (Sharada script)
• 𑖮𑖰𑖦 (Siddham script)
• හිම (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪂𑩑𑩴 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚩𑚮𑚢 (Takri script)
• ஹிம (Tamil script)
• హిమ (Telugu script)
• หิม (Thai script)
• ཧི་མ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒯𑒱𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨱𑨁𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰimás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃 (ziiā̊), Ashkun žím, Kamkata-viri źím, Waigali zim, Ancient Greek χεῖμα (kheîma), Hittite 𒄀𒈠𒀭 (giman), Latin hiems, Lithuanian žiema, Old Church Slavonic зима (zima).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɦi.mɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɦi.mɐ/

Noun

हिम • (himá) stem, m

1. cold, frost
2. the cold season, winter

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमः himáḥ	हिमौ / हिमा¹ himaú / himā́¹	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ himā́ḥ / himā́saḥ¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमौ / हिमा¹ hímau / hímā¹	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ hímāḥ / hímāsaḥ¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमौ / हिमा¹ himaú / himā́¹	हिमान् himā́n
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

हिम • (himá) stem, n

1. frost, hoarfrost, snow (rarely "ice")
2. sandalwood (of cooling properties)

See also

Seasons in Sanskrit · ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) (layout · text) · category
कुसुमाकर (kusumākara, “spring”)	ग्रीष्म (grīṣma, “summer”)	शरद् (śarad, “autumn”)	हिम (hima, “winter”)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमे híme	हिमानि / हिमा¹ hímāni / hímā¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• हिमाचल (himācala)

Borrowed terms

• → Hindi: हिम (him)
• → Kannada: ಹಿಮ (hima)
• → Santali: ᱦᱤᱢ (him)
• → Tamil: இமம் (imam)
• → Telugu: హిమము (himamu)
• → Thai: หิมะ (hì-má)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Gawar-Bati: ہم (hīm)
  • Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (hī̃)
  • Grangali: [script needed] (im)
  • Kalami: ہم (him)
  • Kashmiri: [script needed] (himun, “to snow”)
  • Khowar: ہیم (him)
  • Northeast Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Northwest Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Southeast Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Southwest Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Savi: [script needed] (hina)
  • Shina: ہم (him)
  • Shumashti: [script needed] (īm)
  • Torwali: ہم (him)
  • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (īm)
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: හිම (hima)
• Khasa Prakrit:
  • Nepali: हिउँ (hiũ)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (hima)
  • Konkani: इंव (ĩv)
  • Marathi: हिंव (hiuva)
• Pali: hima
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਹਿੰਮ (himma)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (hima)
  • Garhwali: हिउँ (hiũ)
  • Gujarati: હિમ (him)
  • Hindi: हिँव (hĩv)
  • Kumaoni: हिउँ (hiũ)
  • Romani: iv

Adjective

हिम • (himá) stem

1. cold, cool

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमः himáḥ	हिमौ / हिमा¹ himaú / himā́¹	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ himā́ḥ / himā́saḥ¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमौ / हिमा¹ hímau / hímā¹	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ hímāḥ / hímāsaḥ¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमौ / हिमा¹ himaú / himā́¹	हिमान् himā́n
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of हिमा (himā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमा himā́	हिमे himé	हिमाः himā́ḥ
Vocative	हिमे híme	हिमे híme	हिमाः hímāḥ
Accusative	हिमाम् himā́m	हिमे himé	हिमाः himā́ḥ
Instrumental	हिमया / हिमा¹ himáyā / himā́¹	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमाभिः himā́bhiḥ
Dative	हिमायै himā́yai	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमाभ्यः himā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमायाः / हिमायै² himā́yāḥ / himā́yai²	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमाभ्यः himā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमायाः / हिमायै² himā́yāḥ / himā́yai²	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमायाम् himā́yām	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमासु himā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमे híme	हिमानि / हिमा¹ hímāni / hímā¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms

• हेमन् (heman)
• हेमन्त (hemanta)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “हिम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1298/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 815-6
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “himá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press