角

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See also: 甬, 甪, and 𧢲
角 U+89D2, 角
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89D2
← 觑
[U+89D1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 觓 →
[U+89D3]
⾓ U+2F93, ⾓
KANGXI RADICAL HORN
← ⾒
[U+2F92] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾔ →
[U+2F94]
⻆ U+2EC6, ⻆
CJK RADICAL SIMPLIFIED HORN
← ⻅
[U+2EC5] 		CJK Radicals Supplement ⻇ →
[U+2EC7]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 角
Simplified 角
Japanese 角
Korean 角
Stroke order
(Chinese)
Stroke order
(Japan)

Alternative forms[edit]

In the character 角 in traditional Chinese, as well as in Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese, the central vertical stroke does not extend below the last horizontal line, the one formed by the seventh, last stroke. This creates an appearance roughly equivalent to 土 enclosed in the top part of 冂.

However, in simplified Chinese, the central vertical stroke in 角 extends to the bottom of the character (as in 用). This difference applies to all simplified Chinese characters containing this radical.

Note that the Chinese and Japanese stroke order is slightly different for the fifth and sixth strokes, as illustrated in the animations above.

Han character[edit]

See images of
Radical 148 角

角 (Kangxi radical 148, 角+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 弓月土 (NBG) or 弓月手 (NBQ), four-corner 27227, composition ⿱⺈⿵⺆土(HTJKV) or ⿱⺈用(G))

  1. Kangxi radical #148, ⾓.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1139, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35003
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1606, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3919, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+89D2

Chinese[edit]

trad. 角
simp. # 角
2nd round simp. ⿱⺈冂
alternative forms 甪
𧢲
腳／脚 “role; actor”

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 角
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (角) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
捔 *sɡroːɡ, *kroːɡ
桷 *kroːɡ
角 *kroːɡ, *ɡ·roːɡ
埆 *kʰroːɡ
确 *ɡroːɡ
斛 *ɡoːɡ
槲 *ɡoːɡ
蔛 *ɡoːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – a horn.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krəw (“horn; angle; corner”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྭ (rwa, “horn”), Garo grong (“horn”), Jingpho nrung (“horn”), Chepang रोङः (roŋʔ, “horn”), 觡 (OC *kraːɡ, “antler”). The Tibeto-Burman *-ŋ final variant is reflected in 觥 (OC *kʷraːŋ, “drinking vessel made from animal horn”) (Schuessler, 2007). Possibly also related to 鹿 (OC *b·roːɡ, “deer”) (Sagart, 1999).

A derivative is 餃 (“stuffed dumpling”), named for its horn-like shape (Norman, 1988).

It is probably unrelated with Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nós (“horn”) ( < *ḱerh₂- (“horn”)) and Proto-Semitic *ḳarn- (“horn”) despite the phonological and semantic resemblance between the three.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • jiǎo - colloquial (“horn; angle; corner; ten cents; role; actor; to contend; Horn mansion”);
  • jué - literary (“role; actor; music note; to contend; Horn mansion”).
Note:
  • go2 - vernacular;
  • juo2 - literary.
Note:
  • “horn; corner; angle; one tenth of a yuan; role; masculine animals; side; chunk; chipped or damaged portion”.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 角
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiɑu²¹⁴/
/t͡ɕyɛ³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕiau²¹³/ 三～
/t͡ɕia²¹³/ 斜抹掉～
Tianjin /t͡ɕiɑu¹³/
/t͡ɕye⁴⁵/ ～色
Jinan /t͡ɕyə²¹³/
/t͡ɕiɔ²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕyə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕyo³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕyo²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕyu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kə¹³/
/t͡ɕye¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕyə¹³/ 一～錢
/kə¹³/ 牆～子
Ürümqi /t͡ɕyɤ²¹³/
/kɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕio²¹³/ 一～錢
/kuo²¹³/ 牛～
Chengdu /ko³¹/
/t͡ɕyo³¹/
Guiyang /ko²¹/ 牛～
/t͡ɕio²¹/ 一～錢
Kunming /ko³¹/
Nanjing /koʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕyɐʔ⁵/
/kɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕyəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕyʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕyaʔ⁴³/ ～～
/t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/ 圪～～
Wu Shanghai /koʔ⁵/
Suzhou /koʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /koʔ⁵/ 牛～
/t͡ɕiɑ⁵/ 一～
Wenzhou /ko²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ko⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕio²⁴/
/ko²⁴/
Xiangtan /ko²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kok̚¹/
Taoyuan /kok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kɔk̚³/
Nanning /kɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /kɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kak̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kɔyʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ku²⁴/
/kɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kak̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 角
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 江 (10)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古岳切
Baxter kaewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠʌk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚɔk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kɔk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/kɔk̚/
Wang
Li 		/kɔk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kɔk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jue
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gok3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 角
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kæwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.[k]ˁrok/
English horn, corner

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 角
Reading # 1/2
No. 6372
Phonetic
component 		角
Rime
group 		屋
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		覺
Old
Chinese 		/*kroːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

角

  1. horn; antler
  2. point
  3. corner
  4. (mathematics) angle
  5. (geography) cape; point; headland
  6. (numismatics) one tenth of a yuan or dollar
  7. role; part; character
  8. actor; actress (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  9. (music) bugle; horn
  10. (music) third note in the Chinese pentatonic scale, or mi
  11. to contend; to compete; to challenge
    角鬥／角斗  ―  juédòu  ―  wrestle
  12. (～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Horn (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)
  13. a surname
  14. (gaming) Short for 角色 (juésè). (Classifier: 隻／只)
  15. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, Hokkien) A suffix to denote masculine animals
  16. (Hokkien) side (as a directional term, used with 這／这 (chit) and 彼 (hit))
  17. (Hokkien) chunk; lump; piece
  18. (Mainland China Hokkien) chipped or damaged portion of something
Synonyms[edit]
  • (horn):
Dialectal synonyms of 角 (“horn”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 角
Mandarin Beijing 犄角
Jinan 角
Xi'an 犄角
Wuhan 角
Chengdu 角
Yangzhou 角
Hefei 角
Cantonese Guangzhou 角
Hong Kong 角
Yangjiang 角
Gan Nanchang 角
Hakka Meixian 角
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 角
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 角
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 角
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 角
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 角
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 角
Jin Taiyuan 角
Northern Min Jian'ou 角
Eastern Min Fuzhou 角, 角角
Southern Min Xiamen 角
Chaozhou 角
Wu Suzhou 角
Wenzhou 角
Xiang Changsha 角
Shuangfeng 角
  • (cape): 岬 (jiǎ)
  • (one tenth of a yuan or dollar):
Dialectal synonyms of 角 (“ten cents; dime”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 角
Mandarin Beijing 毛
Taiwan 毛
Harbin 毛
Yantai (Muping) 毛
Jinan 毛
Luoyang 毛
Xi'an 毛, 角
Yinchuan 毛
Xining 毛, 角
Ürümqi 毛
Wuhan 角
Chengdu 角, 毛
Guiyang 角, 毛
Guilin 毛
Liuzhou 毛
Nanning (Wuming) 角
Xuzhou 毛, 角
Yangzhou 角, 毛
Nanjing 毛
Hefei 毛, 角
Nantong 角
Singapore 毛
Cantonese Guangzhou 毫子, 毫, 角
Hong Kong 毫子, 毫
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 毫子
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 毫
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 毫子
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 毫子
Macau 毫子
Guangzhou (Panyu) 毫子
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 毫子
Guangzhou (Conghua) 毫子
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 毫子
Foshan 毫子
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 毫
Foshan (Shunde) 毫子
Foshan (Sanshui) 毫子
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 毫子
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 毫子
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 毫子
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 毫
Zhuhai (Doumen) 毫
Jiangmen (Baisha) 毫
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 毫
Taishan 毫, 毫子
Kaiping (Chikan) 毫
Enping (Niujiang) 毫
Heshan (Yayao) 毫子
Dongguan 毫子
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 毫子
Shaoguan 毫子, 毫
Yunfu 毫
Yangjiang 毫子, 毫
Xinyi 毫子
Lianjiang 毫子
Nanning 毫子
Wuzhou 毫子
Yulin 角
Hepu (Lianzhou) 角子
Beihai 角
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 毫, 角
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 毫
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 角
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 角
Singapore (Guangfu) 毫, 角
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 十錢
Móng Cái 毫
Gan Nanchang 角
Lichuan 角
Pingxiang 角
Hakka Meixian 毫, 毫子, 角
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 毫子
Dongguan (Qingxi) 毫子
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 毫子
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 毫子
Conghua (Lütian) 毫子
Yudu 角
Shicheng 角
Shangyou (Shexi) 角
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 角
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 角
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 角
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 角
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 角
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 毫
Hong Kong 毫
Luchuan (Daqiao) 角
Senai (Huiyang) 角
Huizhou Jixi 角
Jin Taiyuan 毛
Xinzhou 毛
Northern Min Jian'ou 角
Eastern Min Fuzhou 角
Fuqing 角囝
Southern Min Xiamen 角
Quanzhou 角
Zhangzhou 角
Tainan 角
Singapore (Hokkien) 角
Pingnan (Shangdu) 毛
Chaozhou 角, 毫
Shantou 角, 毫
Bangkok (Teochew) 角
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 角
Singapore (Teochew) 角
Wenchang 角
Haikou 角
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 毫子
Sanxiang 毫紙
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 毫子, 角
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 毛
Wu Shanghai 角
Shanghai (Chongming) 角
Suzhou 角
Danyang 角
Wenzhou 角
Jinhua 角
Xiang Changsha 角, 毛
Loudi 毛
Shuangfeng 角
Quanzhou 角, 毛
Coordinate terms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (角):
  • → Japanese: 角(かく) (kaku)
  • → Korean: 각(角) (gak)
  • → Vietnamese: giác (角)

Others:

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 角
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 東 (3)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 盧谷切
Baxter luwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/luk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/luk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/luk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ləwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/luk̚/
Wang
Li 		/luk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/luk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		luk6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 角
Reading # 2/2
No. 6376
Phonetic
component 		角
Rime
group 		屋
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		禄
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·roːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

角

  1. † Only used in 角里 (former placename, located in Jiangsu province, now Zhūjiājiǎo).

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

角

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
角
かど
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese,[1] in turn, from Proto-Japonic *kanto.

Possibly cognate with 廉 (kado, “grounds; charge; suspicion”) and 才 (kado, “ability”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

角(かど) • (kado) 

  1. a corner (e.g., of a desk; compare 隅)
  2. an edge
    机(つくえ)の角(かど)
    tsukue no kado
    edge of the desk
  3. a street corner
See also[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

角(かど) • (Kado) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
角
かく
Grade: 2
on’yomi

First attested in 718 CE.[3] Ultimately from Middle Chinese 角 (MC kaewk).

Noun[edit]

角(かく) • (kaku) 

  1. (mathematics) angle
    入(にゅう)射(しゃ)角(かく)
    nyūshakaku
    angle of incidence
  2. (geography) cape, headland, point
  3. A bishop (shogi). Abbreviation of 角行.

Proper noun[edit]

角(かく) • (Kaku) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
角
つの
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[3] From Proto-Japonic *tuno.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

角(つの) • (tsuno) 

  1. horn, antler
    鹿(しか)の角(つの)
    shika no tsuno
    deer antlers

Proper noun[edit]

角(つの) • (Tsuno) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
角
すみ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 角 – see the following entry.
【すみ】
[noun] interior corner (e.g., of a room or board surface), nook
[proper noun] a surname
Alternative spelling
隅
(This term, 角, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “角・稜”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 “角”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

Korean[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Chinese 角 (MC kaewk).

Hanja[edit]

角 (eumhun 뿔 각 (ppul gak))

  1. Hanja form? of 각 (“horn or angle”).
Compounds[edit]
Compounds

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Chinese 角 (MC luwk).

Hanja[edit]

角 (eumhun 사람 이름 록 (saram ireum rok), South Korea 사람 이름 녹 (saram ireum nok))

  1. Only used in personal names.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

角: Hán Nôm readings: góc, dạc, giác, chác, giốc

  1. chữ Hán form of giác (“(in compounds) corner, horn”).
  2. Nôm form of góc (“corner, angle”).
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