contra

See also: Contra, contrà, and contra-

English

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin contrā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɒntɹə/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Preposition

contra

1. against; contrary or opposed to; in opposition or contrast to

Synonyms

• against, anti

Antonyms

• for, pro

Related terms

• contra-
• contra proferentem
• per contra
• semen contra

 

Translations

against, contrary or opposed to

• Bulgarian: против (bg) (protiv)
• German: gegen (de), im Gegensatz zu m, contra (de), anti, wider (de)
• Latin: contrā (la)
• Old English: aġēn
• Polish: kontra (pl)
• Swedish: kontra (sv)
• Tagalog: kontra

Adverb

contra (comparative more contra, superlative most contra)

1. contrary to something
   • 1893 November 30, “The W.C.T.U. Convention. Interesting Reports Considered in Relation to the Several Departments of the Work. Suggested Lines of Development—Programme for the Closing Day.”, in The Daily Colonist, volume LXX, number 148, Victoria, B.C., page 3, column 1:

     […] it is useless to pray “Thy kingdom come” and vote contra or stay away from the polls; […]

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:contrarily

Translations

contrary to something

• Arabic: عَلَى اَلْعَكْس (ʕalā l-ʕaks), عَلَى اَلنَّقِيض مِن (ʕalā n-naqīḍ min), ضِد (ḍid)

  Egyptian Arabic: عكس (ʕakss), ضد (ḍeḍ)

• Bulgarian: напротив (bg) (naprotiv), наопаки (bg) (naopaki)
• German: gegen (de), im Gegensatz zu m, contra (de), gegnerisch (de), gegengesetzt, entgegengesetzt (de)
• Polish: wbrew (pl)
• Romanian: împotrivă (ro), contra (ro)

Noun

contra (plural contras)

1. (business) A deal to swap goods or services.
2. (politics, derogatory) A conservative; originally tied to Nicaraguan counter-revolutionaries.
3. (accounting, often attributive) An entry (or account) that cancels another entry (or account).

   Synonym: counterentry

   a contra position; a contra entry

   The sum for each contra account is shown in the last column.

4. (music, informal) Any of the musical instruments in the contrabass range, e.g. contrabassoon, contrabass clarinet or, especially, double bass.
5. (dance) A contra dance.
6. (obsolete, US, New England, dance) A country dance.
   • 2001, Ellen Koskoff, editor, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: North America, Garland Publishing, page 232:

     Folk histories record that contras were gradually displaced by the introduction of the quadrille and the new couple dances.

Translations

(business) a deal to swap goods or services

(accounting) an entry (or account) that cancels another entry

• Dutch: contrarekening f
• Finnish: vasta- (fi) (in compounds), vastatili (account), vastakirjaus (entry)
• German: Gegenkonto (de) n, Gegenbuchung f, Gegenposition f, Gegenrechnung f, Kreditseite f
• Polish: no equivalent term in Polish, but see konto wykluczające inne konto n

(dance) a contra dance

• German: Contra Tanz m, Kontratanz m

Verb

contra (third-person singular simple present contras, no present participle, no simple past or past participle)

1. (accounting) To undo; to reverse.

   to contra a position (an entry)

Translations

(accounting) to undo an entry

• German: zurückbuchen, ristornieren, stornieren (de)

Anagrams

• Cantor, Carnot, Carton, Catron, TRACON, cantor, carton, corant, craton, tracon

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin contrā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkontɾa/, [ˈkõn̪.t̪ɾa]

Preposition

contra

1. alongside, beside, next to

   Synonym: xunto

2. forward, in front

   Synonym: delantre

3. against (reduced)

   Synonym: escontra

Related terms

• escontra

Interjection

¡contra!

1. interjection of exclamation or anger

   Synonyms: carape, meca

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin contrā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈkɔn.tɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [ˈkon.tɾa]

Adverb

contra

1. against
   • 2009, Jean Grave, Les Aventures d'en Nono:

     Més endavant, va parlar contra la gent sense família

     But before, he spoke against people without family

Noun

contra m (plural contres)

1. con (disadvantage)

   Antonym: pro

Related terms

• contra-
• contrari

Further reading

• “contra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “contra”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “contra” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “contra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin contrā.

Adverb

contra

1. against

References

• Bartoli, Matteo (1906) Il Dalmatico: Resti di un’antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appenino-balcanica, Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, published 2000

Finnish

Etymology

From Spanish contra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkontrɑ/, [ˈko̞n̪t̪rɑ̝]

Noun

contra

1. Contra (anti-Sandinista fighter)

Declension

Inflection of contra (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		contra	contrat
genitive		contran	contrien
partitive		contraa	contria
illative		contraan	contriin
		singular	plural
nominative		contra	contrat
accusative	nom.	contra	contrat
	gen.	contran
genitive		contran	contrien contrainrare
partitive		contraa	contria
inessive		contrassa	contrissa
elative		contrasta	contrista
illative		contraan	contriin
adessive		contralla	contrilla
ablative		contralta	contrilta
allative		contralle	contrille
essive		contrana	contrina
translative		contraksi	contriksi
abessive		contratta	contritta
instructive		—	contrin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of contra (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative contrani contrani accusative nom. contrani contrani gen. contrani genitive contrani contrieni contrainirare partitive contraani contriani inessive contrassani contrissani elative contrastani contristani illative contraani contriini adessive contrallani contrillani ablative contraltani contriltani allative contralleni contrilleni essive contranani contrinani translative contrakseni contrikseni abessive contrattani contrittani instructive — — comitative — contrineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative contrasi contrasi accusative nom. contrasi contrasi gen. contrasi genitive contrasi contriesi contraisirare partitive contraasi contriasi inessive contrassasi contrissasi elative contrastasi contristasi illative contraasi contriisi adessive contrallasi contrillasi ablative contraltasi contriltasi allative contrallesi contrillesi essive contranasi contrinasi translative contraksesi contriksesi abessive contrattasi contrittasi instructive — — comitative — contrinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative contramme contramme accusative nom. contramme contramme gen. contramme genitive contramme contriemme contraimmerare partitive contraamme contriamme inessive contrassamme contrissamme elative contrastamme contristamme illative contraamme contriimme adessive contrallamme contrillamme ablative contraltamme contriltamme allative contrallemme contrillemme essive contranamme contrinamme translative contraksemme contriksemme abessive contrattamme contrittamme instructive — — comitative — contrinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative contranne contranne accusative nom. contranne contranne gen. contranne genitive contranne contrienne contrainnerare partitive contraanne contrianne inessive contrassanne contrissanne elative contrastanne contristanne illative contraanne contriinne adessive contrallanne contrillanne ablative contraltanne contriltanne allative contrallenne contrillenne essive contrananne contrinanne translative contraksenne contriksenne abessive contrattanne contrittanne instructive — — comitative — contrinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative contransa contransa accusative nom. contransa contransa gen. contransa genitive contransa contriensa contrainsarare partitive contraansa contriaan contriansa inessive contrassaan contrassansa contrissaan contrissansa elative contrastaan contrastansa contristaan contristansa illative contraansa contriinsa adessive contrallaan contrallansa contrillaan contrillansa ablative contraltaan contraltansa contriltaan contriltansa allative contralleen contrallensa contrilleen contrillensa essive contranaan contranansa contrinaan contrinansa translative contrakseen contraksensa contrikseen contriksensa abessive contrattaan contrattansa contrittaan contrittansa instructive — — comitative — contrineen contrinensa

Synonyms

• contrasissi

Derived terms

compounds

• contrasissi

 

Further reading

• “contra”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

French

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

contra

1. third-person singular past historic of contrer

Anagrams

• carton

Galician

Etymology

From Latin contrā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkontɾɐ]

Preposition

contra

1. against

Derived terms

• contra de
• pola contra

Noun

contra f (plural contras)

1. (usually in the plural) shutter

References

• “contra” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “contra” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “contra” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “contra” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “contra” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Further reading

• “contra” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkon.tra/
• Rhymes: -ontra
• Hyphenation: cón‧tra

Etymology 1

From Latin contrā.

Preposition

contra

1. (archaic) Alternative form of contro (“against”)

Descendants

• → Maltese: kontra
• → Turkish: kontra

See also

• contra-

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

contra

1. inflection of contrare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

• Tronca, tronca

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin contrā.

Preposition

contra

1. against

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *komterād, ablative singular feminine of *komteros (“the other of the two who meet, opposite”). The ablative singular masculine/neuter of the same is continued in Latin contrō-, cognate to Oscan contrud. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱómteros, from *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”) +‎ *-teros (contrastive suffix); thus, a doublet of cum, comparable to the relation between intrā and in, and extrā and ex, but unlike these lacking external cognates, and therefore of Italic origin.

The change from instrumental/ablative to accusative is caused by *-teros used adverbially.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.traː/, [ˈkɔn̪t̪räː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.tra/, [ˈkɔn̪t̪rä]

Adverb

contrā (not comparable)

1. against
2. opposite to
3. contrary to
4. otherwise
5. in return, back

Preposition

contrā (+ accusative)

1. against
2. across from, opposite

Derived terms

• contrārius

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Romanian: către, cătră
• Dalmatian:
  • cuantra
• Italo-Romance:
  • Old Italian: contra
    • Italian: contro
  • Sicilian: contra
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: cuintri
  • Ladin: contra
  • Venetian: contra
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: cuntre, contre
    • French: contre
    • → English: counter
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: contra, cuentra
  • Catalan: contra
  • Occitan: contra
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: contra
  • Galician: contra
  • Portuguese: contra
  • Old Spanish: contra, cuentra (tonic variant)
    • Spanish: contra
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: contra
• Borrowings:
  • → English: contra
  • → Albanian: kundër
  • → Hungarian: kontra
  • → Italian: contra
  • → Polish: kontra
  • → Romanian: contra
  • → Swedish: kontra

Further reading

• “contra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “contra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• contra in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• contra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to contradict some one: dicere contra aliquem or aliquid (not contradicere alicui)
    
  • it is a breach of duty to..: contra officium est c. Inf.
    
  • for the advantage of the state; in the interests of the state: e re publica (opp. contra rem p.)
    
  • a thing is illegal: aliquid contra legem est
    
  • to foster revolutionary projects: contra rem publicam sentire
    
  • to be guilty of high treason: contra rem publicam facere
    
  • to conspire with some one: conspirare cum aliquo (contra aliquem)
    
  • against all law, human and divine: contra ius fasque
    
• contra in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin contra.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

contra

1. against

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin contrā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkõ.tɾɐ/

• Rhymes: -õtɾɐ
• Hyphenation: con‧tra

Preposition

contra

1. against

   Antonyms: a favor, em prol, em favor, em defesa

   Ele é contra a proposta.

   He is against the proposal.

   Tiveram que nadar contra a corrente.

   They had to swim against the current.

   Não é justo, são três contra um.

   It's not fair, it's three against/on one.

Related terms

• contra-
• contrário

Further reading

• “contra” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French contre, Italian contra, Latin contrā. Doublet of the inherited către.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

contra

1. against, versus

Adverb

contra

1. against, opposed to, opposite
2. in exchange for

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin contrā. Old Spanish had cuentra as well, with diphthongization of stressed Latin /ŏ/. As the word was generally atonic, the unstressed variant contra prevailed over time.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkontɾa/ [ˈkõn̪.t̪ɾa]
• Rhymes: -ontɾa
• Syllabification: con‧tra

Preposition

contra

1. against, versus

   Synonym: en oposición a

   Antonym: a favor de

   la lucha contra el prejuicio

   the fight against prejudice

Derived terms

• contra el tiempo
• contra viento y marea
• contrarreforma
• contrarrevolucionario
• contratapa
• contraventana
• crimen contra naturaleza
• en contra
• en contra de

 

Related terms

• contrario
• encontrar

 

Descendants

• Hiligaynon: kontra
• Tagalog: kontra

Noun

contra m (plural contras)

1. con (disadvantage)

   Antonym: pro

Noun

contra f (plural contras)

1. antidote
2. counterpunch
3. counterattack
4. Contra (guerrilla)

Derived terms

• a la contra

 

Adverb

contra

1. opposite, facing

   Synonym: en oposición a

   Antonym: a favor de

Further reading

• “contra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
• Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) “contra”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 182

Anagrams

• cantor
• cartón
• contar
• cortan
• cratón
• tranco
• tronca