θρίδαξ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• θίδραξ (thídrax), θρόδαξ (thródax), θρύδαξ (thrúdax)

Etymology

According to Nehring, it is Pre-Greek. Because of the typical leaves, Strömberg thinks of θρῖον (thrîon, “fig leaf”) and compares οἶδαξ (oîdax, “unripe figs”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰrîː.daks/ → /ˈθri.ðaks/ → /ˈθri.ðaks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰrîː.daks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtʰri.daks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈθri.ðaks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈθri.ðaks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈθri.ðaks/

Noun

θρῐ́δᾰξ • (thrídax) f (genitive θρῐ́δᾰκος); third declension

1. lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ θρῐ́δᾰξ; τῆς θρῐ́δᾰκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ θρῐ́δᾰξ hē thrídax	τὼ θρῐ́δᾰκε tṑ thrídake	αἱ θρῐ́δᾰκες hai thrídakes
Genitive	τῆς θρῐ́δᾰκος tês thrídakos	τοῖν θρῐδᾰ́κοιν toîn thridákoin	τῶν θρῐδᾰ́κων tôn thridákōn
Dative	τῇ θρῐ́δᾰκῐ têi thrídaki	τοῖν θρῐδᾰ́κοιν toîn thridákoin	ταῖς θρῐ́δᾰξῐ / θρῐ́δᾰξῐν taîs thrídaxi(n)
Accusative	τὴν θρῐ́δᾰκᾰ tḕn thrídaka	τὼ θρῐ́δᾰκε tṑ thrídake	τᾱ̀ς θρῐ́δᾰκᾰς tā̀s thrídakas
Vocative	θρῐ́δᾰξ thrídax	θρῐ́δᾰκε thrídake	θρῐ́δᾰκες thrídakes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• θριδακηΐς (thridakēḯs)
• θριδακίας (thridakías)
• θριδακίνη (thridakínē)
• θριδακινίς (thridakinís)
• θριδάκινος (thridákinos)
• θριδάκιον (thridákion)
• θριδακίσκα (thridakíska)
• θριδακώδης (thridakṓdēs)

 

Descendants

• Greek: θρίδακας (thrídakas)
• → Latin: thridax

Further reading

• “θρίδαξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “θρίδαξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• θρίδαξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN