κύων

Ancient Greek

ὁ ποιμενῐκὸς κῠ́ων. ὁ κύων ὑλακτεῖ· βαύ, βαύ.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ký.ɔːn/ → /ˈcy.on/ → /ˈci.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ký.ɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.on/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ. Cognates include Latin canis, Sanskrit श्वन् (śván) and Old English hund (English hound). The final -ν (-n) in the nominative singular which was absent in *ḱwṓ was restored in Greek by analogy to other forms in the paradigm.

Noun

κῠ́ων • (kúōn) m or f (genitive κῠνός); third declension

1. a dog
2. a bitch
3. (derogatory) a bitch (used of women, to denote shamelessness or audacity)
4. an offensive person

Declension

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ κῠ́ων; τοῦ, τῆς κῠνός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ κῠ́ων ho, hē kúōn	τὼ κῠ́νε tṑ kúne	οἱ, αἱ κῠ́νες hoi, hai kúnes
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς κῠνός toû, tês kunós	τοῖν κῠνοῖν toîn kunoîn	τῶν κῠνῶν tôn kunôn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ κῠνῐ́ tôi, têi kuní	τοῖν κῠνοῖν toîn kunoîn	τοῖς, ταῖς κῠσῐ́ / κῠσῐ́ν / κῠ́νεσσῐ toîs, taîs kusí / kusín / kúnessi
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν κῠ́νᾰ tòn, tḕn kúna	τὼ κῠ́νε tṑ kúne	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς κῠ́νᾰς toùs, tā̀s kúnas
Vocative	κῠ́ον / κῠ́ων kúon / kúōn	κῠ́νε kúne	κῠ́νες kúnes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κυνάς (kunás)
• κύνειος (kúneios)
• κύνεος (kúneos)
• κυνόροδον (kunórodon)
• κυνοῦχος (kunoûkhos)
• κύντερος (kúnteros)
• κυνώπης (kunṓpēs)
• κῠνάγχη (kunánkhē)
• κῠνέη (kunéē)
• κῠνίδιον (kunídion)
• κῠνικός (kunikós)
• κῠνόγλωσσον (kunóglōsson)
• κῠνοδέσμη (kunodésmē)
• κῠνόδους (kunódous)
• κῠνόμαζον (kunómazon)
• κῠνοχᾰ́λκη (kunokhálkē)

 

Descendants

• Greek: κύων (kýon)
• Tsakonian: κούε (koúe)

Further reading

• “κύων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κύων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κύων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κύων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• κύων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “κύων”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G2965 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bitch idem, page 80.
  • dog idem, page 246.
  • dog-star idem, page 246.
  • hound idem, page 408.
  • mastiff idem, page 517.
  • monster idem, page 539.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle

κύων • (kúōn) m (feminine κύουσᾰ, neuter κύον); first/third declension

1. present active participle of κύω (kúō)

Declension

First and third declension of κῠ́ων; κῠ́ουσᾰ; κῠ́ον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κῠ́ων kúōn	κῠ́ουσᾰ kúousa	κῠ́ον kúon		κῠ́οντε kúonte	κῠούσᾱ kuoúsā	κῠ́οντε kúonte		κῠ́οντες kúontes	κῠ́ουσαι kúousai	κῠ́οντᾰ kúonta
Genitive		κῠ́οντος kúontos	κῠούσης kuoúsēs	κῠ́οντος kúontos		κῠόντοιν kuóntoin	κῠούσαιν kuoúsain	κῠόντοιν kuóntoin		κῠόντων kuóntōn	κῠουσῶν kuousôn	κῠόντων kuóntōn
Dative		κῠ́οντῐ kúonti	κῠούσῃ kuoúsēi	κῠ́οντῐ kúonti		κῠόντοιν kuóntoin	κῠούσαιν kuoúsain	κῠόντοιν kuóntoin		κῠ́ουσῐ / κῠ́ουσῐν kúousi(n)	κῠούσαις kuoúsais	κῠ́ουσῐ / κῠ́ουσῐν kúousi(n)
Accusative		κῠ́οντᾰ kúonta	κῠ́ουσᾰν kúousan	κῠ́ον kúon		κῠ́οντε kúonte	κῠούσᾱ kuoúsā	κῠ́οντε kúonte		κῠ́οντᾰς kúontas	κῠούσᾱς kuoúsās	κῠ́οντᾰ kúonta
Vocative		κῠ́ων kúōn	κῠ́ουσᾰ kúousa	κῠ́ον kúon		κῠ́οντε kúonte	κῠούσᾱ kuoúsā	κῠ́οντε kúonte		κῠ́οντες kúontes	κῠ́ουσαι kúousai	κῠ́οντᾰ kúonta
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κῠόντως kuóntōs				—				—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.