бути

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Ukrainian

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old East Slavic бꙑти (byti), from Proto-Slavic *byti. The u in the infinitive and past tense was probably influenced by the future tense. Compare (rare and possibly hypercorrect) Old Novgorodian буть (butĭ) for the infinitive and Belarusian быць (bycʹ) for the senses.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): [ˈbute]
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

[edit]

бу́ти (bútyimpf

  1. to be
    У ме́не є пита́нняU méne je pytánnjaI have a question.
    Він був до́бре відо́мий на ба́тьківщині.Vin buv dóbre vidómyj na bátʹkivščyni.He was well known in his homeland.
  2. (auxiliary, future tense) used to form the future tense of imperfect verbs
    Бу́ду роби́тиBúdu robýtyI will be doing.
    Жи́ти бу́деŽýty búdeHe/She/It will live (be living).
  3. (auxiliary, past tense) used to form the pluperfect tense
    Я був сказа́в / Я була́ сказа́лаJa buv skazáv / Ja bulá skazálaI had said
    Вона́ пила́ була́Voná pylá buláShe had been drinking
    • 1991 August 24, Акт проголошення незалежності України (Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic)‎[1]:
      Виходячи із смертельної небезпеки, яка нависла була над Україною в зв'язку з державним переворотом в СРСР 19 серпня 1991 року,
      Vyxodjačy iz smertelʹnoji nebezpeky, jaka navysla bula nad Ukrajinoju v zvʺjazku z deržavnym perevorotom v SRSR 19 serpnja 1991 roku,
      Coming from the mortal danger, which had hung over Ukraine in connection with the state coup in the USSR on August 19, 1991,

Usage notes

[edit]
  • Omitted in the present tense except in the third-person singular "є", which is used occasionally to express possession or definition or for emphasis.
  • To express A=B (to indicate that the subject and object are the same), in the present tense, the verb is omitted and can be used, e.g.:
    мій брат — вчи́тельmij brat — včýtelʹMy brother is a teacher
  • "—" is not used when the subject is a pronoun, e.g.:
    я студе́нтja studéntI am a student
  • Omitted in the present tense to indicate that the subject plays the role of the predicate nominal
    вона́ вродли́ваvoná vrodlývashe is beautiful

Conjugation

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]
Prefixed verbs

Further reading

[edit]