خشخاش

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Arabic

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خَشْخَاش
 خشخاش on Arabic Wikipedia

Etymology

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From Persian خشخاش (xašxâš).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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خَشْخَاش (ḵašḵāšm (collective, singulative خَشْخَاشَة f (ḵašḵāša), plural خَشَاخِيش (ḵašāḵīš))

  1. poppy (Papaver gen. et spp.)

Declension

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Descendants

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  • Maltese: xaħxieħ, ħuxħax, ħoxħax
  • Aragonese: cascall
  • Catalan: cascall

References

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  • Corriente, Federico (2008) “cascal”, in Dictionary of Arabic and Allied Loanwords. Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and Kindred Dialects (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 97), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 251a
  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “خشخاش”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 488
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “خشخاش”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[2] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 336

Persian

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خشخاش
Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Etymology

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Related to Central Kurdish قاشقاشە (qaşqaşe), Pashto قشقاق (qašqâš), قاشقاش (qâšqâš), and further likely to Middle Armenian կակաչ (kakačʻ), Georgian ყაყაჩო (q̇aq̇ačo), Karachay-Balkar къачхач (qaçxaç), Kumyk шакъшакъ (şaqşaq), Abaza къвашвхӏа (qʷʼašʷḥa), Kabardian ӏущхьэ (ʼwuśḥɛ), Japanese 芥子 (けし, keshi), all denoting "(opium) poppy".

According to Pictet, ultimately from Sanskrit खस्खस (khaskhasa, poppy), a reduplication of खस (khasa, itch, scab), because poppy was supposedly used against it. Note also the Sanskrit compound खसतिल (khasa-tila, poppy).

Noun

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خشخاش (xašxâš)

  1. opium poppy

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խաշխաշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 333
  • Pictet, Adolphe (1859) Les origines indo-européennes, ou Les Aryas primitifs: essai de paléontologie linguistique, volume I, Paris: J. Cherbuliez, pages 295–296
  • Šaniʒe, Aḳaḳi (1980) Kartuli enis gramaṭiḳis sapuʒvlebi [Basics of Georgian Grammar] (Txzulebani tormeṭ ṭomad; 3) (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Tbilisi State University Press, § 182, page 150
  • Xabičev, M. A. (1980) Vzaimovlijanije jazykov narodov Zapadnovo Kavkaza [The language interaction of Western Caucasus peoples] (in Russian), Cherkessk: Karačajevo-Čerkesskoje otdelenije Stavropolʹskovo knižnovo izdatelʹstva, page 29