سود

Arabic

Root
س و د (s-w-d)

Verb

سَوِدَ • (sawida) I, non-past يَسْوَدُ‎ (yaswadu)

1. to be black

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَوِدَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun سَوَد)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						سَوَد sawad
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						سَاوِد sāwid
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَوِدْتُ sawidtu	سَوِدْتَ sawidta	سَوِدَ sawida		سَوِدْتُمَا sawidtumā	سَوِدَا sawidā		سَوِدْنَا sawidnā	سَوِدْتُمْ sawidtum	سَوِدُوا sawidū
	f		سَوِدْتِ sawidti	سَوِدَتْ sawidat			سَوِدَتَا sawidatā			سَوِدْتُنَّ sawidtunna	سَوِدْنَ sawidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسْوَدُ ʔaswadu	تَسْوَدُ taswadu	يَسْوَدُ yaswadu		تَسْوَدَانِ taswadāni	يَسْوَدَانِ yaswadāni		نَسْوَدُ naswadu	تَسْوَدُونَ taswadūna	يَسْوَدُونَ yaswadūna
	f		تَسْوَدِينَ taswadīna	تَسْوَدُ taswadu			تَسْوَدَانِ taswadāni			تَسْوَدْنَ taswadna	يَسْوَدْنَ yaswadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسْوَدَ ʔaswada	تَسْوَدَ taswada	يَسْوَدَ yaswada		تَسْوَدَا taswadā	يَسْوَدَا yaswadā		نَسْوَدَ naswada	تَسْوَدُوا taswadū	يَسْوَدُوا yaswadū
	f		تَسْوَدِي taswadī	تَسْوَدَ taswada			تَسْوَدَا taswadā			تَسْوَدْنَ taswadna	يَسْوَدْنَ yaswadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسْوَدْ ʔaswad	تَسْوَدْ taswad	يَسْوَدْ yaswad		تَسْوَدَا taswadā	يَسْوَدَا yaswadā		نَسْوَدْ naswad	تَسْوَدُوا taswadū	يَسْوَدُوا yaswadū
	f		تَسْوَدِي taswadī	تَسْوَدْ taswad			تَسْوَدَا taswadā			تَسْوَدْنَ taswadna	يَسْوَدْنَ yaswadna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِسْوَدْ iswad			اِسْوَدَا iswadā				اِسْوَدُوا iswadū
	f		اِسْوَدِي iswadī							اِسْوَدْنَ iswadna

Verb

سَوَّدَ • (sawwada) II, non-past يُسَوِّدُ‎ (yusawwidu)

1. (transitive) to make black, to blacken
2. (transitive) to draft, to write or bewrite as a sketch
3. (ditransitive) to make master over, to make wield

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَوَّدَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَسْوِيد taswīd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُسَوِّد musawwid
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُسَوَّد musawwad
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَوَّدْتُ sawwadtu	سَوَّدْتَ sawwadta	سَوَّدَ sawwada		سَوَّدْتُمَا sawwadtumā	سَوَّدَا sawwadā		سَوَّدْنَا sawwadnā	سَوَّدْتُمْ sawwadtum	سَوَّدُوا sawwadū
	f		سَوَّدْتِ sawwadti	سَوَّدَتْ sawwadat			سَوَّدَتَا sawwadatā			سَوَّدْتُنَّ sawwadtunna	سَوَّدْنَ sawwadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَوِّدُ ʔusawwidu	تُسَوِّدُ tusawwidu	يُسَوِّدُ yusawwidu		تُسَوِّدَانِ tusawwidāni	يُسَوِّدَانِ yusawwidāni		نُسَوِّدُ nusawwidu	تُسَوِّدُونَ tusawwidūna	يُسَوِّدُونَ yusawwidūna
	f		تُسَوِّدِينَ tusawwidīna	تُسَوِّدُ tusawwidu			تُسَوِّدَانِ tusawwidāni			تُسَوِّدْنَ tusawwidna	يُسَوِّدْنَ yusawwidna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَوِّدَ ʔusawwida	تُسَوِّدَ tusawwida	يُسَوِّدَ yusawwida		تُسَوِّدَا tusawwidā	يُسَوِّدَا yusawwidā		نُسَوِّدَ nusawwida	تُسَوِّدُوا tusawwidū	يُسَوِّدُوا yusawwidū
	f		تُسَوِّدِي tusawwidī	تُسَوِّدَ tusawwida			تُسَوِّدَا tusawwidā			تُسَوِّدْنَ tusawwidna	يُسَوِّدْنَ yusawwidna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَوِّدْ ʔusawwid	تُسَوِّدْ tusawwid	يُسَوِّدْ yusawwid		تُسَوِّدَا tusawwidā	يُسَوِّدَا yusawwidā		نُسَوِّدْ nusawwid	تُسَوِّدُوا tusawwidū	يُسَوِّدُوا yusawwidū
	f		تُسَوِّدِي tusawwidī	تُسَوِّدْ tusawwid			تُسَوِّدَا tusawwidā			تُسَوِّدْنَ tusawwidna	يُسَوِّدْنَ yusawwidna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سَوِّدْ sawwid			سَوِّدَا sawwidā				سَوِّدُوا sawwidū
	f		سَوِّدِي sawwidī							سَوِّدْنَ sawwidna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُوِّدْتُ suwwidtu	سُوِّدْتَ suwwidta	سُوِّدَ suwwida		سُوِّدْتُمَا suwwidtumā	سُوِّدَا suwwidā		سُوِّدْنَا suwwidnā	سُوِّدْتُمْ suwwidtum	سُوِّدُوا suwwidū
	f		سُوِّدْتِ suwwidti	سُوِّدَتْ suwwidat			سُوِّدَتَا suwwidatā			سُوِّدْتُنَّ suwwidtunna	سُوِّدْنَ suwwidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَوَّدُ ʔusawwadu	تُسَوَّدُ tusawwadu	يُسَوَّدُ yusawwadu		تُسَوَّدَانِ tusawwadāni	يُسَوَّدَانِ yusawwadāni		نُسَوَّدُ nusawwadu	تُسَوَّدُونَ tusawwadūna	يُسَوَّدُونَ yusawwadūna
	f		تُسَوَّدِينَ tusawwadīna	تُسَوَّدُ tusawwadu			تُسَوَّدَانِ tusawwadāni			تُسَوَّدْنَ tusawwadna	يُسَوَّدْنَ yusawwadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَوَّدَ ʔusawwada	تُسَوَّدَ tusawwada	يُسَوَّدَ yusawwada		تُسَوَّدَا tusawwadā	يُسَوَّدَا yusawwadā		نُسَوَّدَ nusawwada	تُسَوَّدُوا tusawwadū	يُسَوَّدُوا yusawwadū
	f		تُسَوَّدِي tusawwadī	تُسَوَّدَ tusawwada			تُسَوَّدَا tusawwadā			تُسَوَّدْنَ tusawwadna	يُسَوَّدْنَ yusawwadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَوَّدْ ʔusawwad	تُسَوَّدْ tusawwad	يُسَوَّدْ yusawwad		تُسَوَّدَا tusawwadā	يُسَوَّدَا yusawwadā		نُسَوَّدْ nusawwad	تُسَوَّدُوا tusawwadū	يُسَوَّدُوا yusawwadū
	f		تُسَوَّدِي tusawwadī	تُسَوَّدْ tusawwad			تُسَوَّدَا tusawwadā			تُسَوَّدْنَ tusawwadna	يُسَوَّدْنَ yusawwadna

See also

• اِسْوَدَّ (iswadda)
• اِسْوَادَّ (iswādda)
• مُسَوَّدَة (musawwada)

Adjective

سُود • (sūd) c pl

1. common plural of أَسْوَد (ʔaswad)

Azerbaijani

Noun

سۆد (süd) (definite accusative سودو (südü), plural سودلر (südlər))

1. milk

Declension

Declension of سود

	singular	plural
nominative	سود	سودلر
definite accusative	سودۆ	سودلری
dative	سوده	سودلره
locative	سودده	سودلرده
ablative	سوددن	سودلردن
definite genitive	سودۆن	سودلرین

Chagatai

Noun

سود (süd)

1. Alternative form of سوت (süt, “milk”).

References

• Courteille, Abel Pavet de (1870) “سود”, in Dictionnaire turk-oriental [Eastern Turkic Dictionary]‎^[1] (in French), Paris: Imprimerie Impériale, page 351

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Persian سود (sud).

Noun

سود • (sud)

1. gain, profit
2. benefit; advantage

Etymology 2

Noun

سود • (süd)

1. alternative form of سوت (süt, “milk”)

Further reading

• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “sud”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سود”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 697a

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (swt'), 𐫘𐫇𐫅 (swd), 𐫘𐫇𐫇𐫅 (swwd /⁠sūd⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [suːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [suːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [suːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [suːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sud̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [suːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sud̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	sūḏ
Dari reading?	sūd
Iranian reading?	sud
Tajik reading?	sud

Noun

سود • (sud) (plural سودها (sud-hâ))

1. (including economics) profit; gain; benefit; advantage

   Synonym: فایده (fâyede)

   • c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 6”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]‎^[3]:

     دل عالمی بسوزی چو عذار برفروزی
     تو از این چه سود داری که نمی‌کنی مدارا

     dil-i âlamî bisôzî čô izâr bar-furôzî
     tu az în či sûd dârî ki na-mê-kunî mudârâ

     When you set your cheeks aflame, you burn the worldly heart;
     What profit do you find from this, that you show no kindness?

     (romanization in Classical Persian)

Descendants

• → Bengali: সুদ (śud)
• → Hindi: सूद (sūd)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French soude.

Pronunciation

• (Iran) IPA^(key): /suːd/

Noun

سود • (sud) (plural سود‌ها (sud-hâ))

1. soda