많다

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Korean

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Etymology

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First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 만〯ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: mǎn-hòtá), equivalent to 만〯 (Yale: mǎn) + ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hòtá, > modern 하다 (hada)).

The first element is usually, though somewhat speculatively, connected to Sino-Korean (mǎn, ten thousand; myriad; (figuratively) countless).[1] Displaced native 하다〮 (Yale: hàtá, “to be many”).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈma̠(ː)ntʰa̠]
    • Audio:(file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?manta
Revised Romanization (translit.)?manhda
McCune–Reischauer?mant'a
Yale Romanization?mānhta

Adjective

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많다 (manta) (infinitive 많아, sequential 많으니)

  1. (to be) many, much, a lot, plentiful
    Antonym: 적다 (jeokda, (to be) few)
    많은 사람
    doni maneun saram
    someone who has a lot of money; a rich person (lit. "a person whose money is plentiful")
    오늘 전시회 방문자 많다.
    Oneul jeonsihoe bangmunja-ga manta.
    Today there are many visitors at the exhibition.
    너무 많다.
    Hal ir-i neomu manta.
    There is so much work to do.
    많은 노력 기울였다.
    Naneun maneun noryeog-eul giuryeotda.
    I made a great effort.

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Samuel E. Martin (1992) A Reference Grammar of Korean: A Complete Guide to the Grammar and History of the Korean Language, first edition, Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Co., Inc., →ISBN, page 686