𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kalbǭ, a feminizing ōn-stem extension of *kalbaz (“calf”). Cognate with Old High German kalba (archaic German Kalbe).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkal.boː/

Noun

𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉 • (kalbō) f

2. (hapax) heifer (young cow)
   • 6th Century, Skeireins (Codex Vaticanus Latinus 5750) leaf 3, (referring to Numbers 19):

     𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌿𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌴 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌰, (𐌰)𐌶𐌲𐍉𐌽 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌱𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃; 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌸𐍉 𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌷𐍅𐍃𐍃𐍉𐍀𐍉𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐍉𐌱, 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃.

     untē witōþ þizē unfaurweisanē missadēdē ainaizōs witōþ raidida, (a)zgōn kalbōns gabrannidaizōs utana bibaurgeinais; afaruh þan þō in watō wairpandans hrain jah hwssōpōn jah wullai raudai ufartrusnjandans, swaswē gadōb, þans ufarmitōn munandans.

     • 1966 translation by William H. Bennett

       For the [Hebrew] Law prescribed for a certain unpremeditated misdeed that the ash of a heifer burned outside the camp should be cast afterward into clean water and sprinkled with hyssop and red wool, as befitted those who were above deliberate intent.

Declension

Feminine ōn-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉 kalbō	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 kalbōns
Vocative	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉 kalbō	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 kalbōns
Accusative	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽 kalbōn	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 kalbōns
Genitive	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 kalbōns	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍉 kalbōnō
Dative	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽 kalbōn	𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌼 kalbōm

Antonyms

• (with regards to gender) 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍂 (stiur)

Hypernyms

• 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰 (auhsa, “ox”)

References

• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “K2. *kalbo”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 214

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 73