Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grōbō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Functional o-grade ō-stem derived from *grabaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣrɔː.βɔː/

Noun

*grōbō f

1. hole, ditch, pit

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *grōbō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*grōbō	*grōbôz
vocative	*grōbō	*grōbôz
accusative	*grōbǭ	*grōbōz
genitive	*grōbōz	*grōbǫ̂
dative	*grōbōi	*grōbōmaz
instrumental	*grōbō	*grōbōmiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *grōbu
  • Old English: *grōf
    • Middle English: grofe, groof
      • English: groove
  • Old Frisian: *grōf; (grōpe)
    • West Frisian: groef
  • Old Saxon: grōƀa, grōva
    • Middle Low German: grôve
  • Old Dutch: gruova
    • Middle Dutch: grove, groeve
      • Dutch: groeve, groef
  • Old High German: gruoba
    • Middle High German: gruobe
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: gruuba

        Mòcheno: gruab

      • German: Grube (see there for further descendants)
        • → Saterland Frisian: Gruube
      • Luxembourgish: Grouf
• Old Norse: gróf
  • Icelandic: gróf
  • Norwegian: grov
    • → Scots: grüvi
• Gothic: 𐌲𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌰 (grōba)
  • → Galician: groba