bằng

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See also: bang, bàng, bâng, bāng, băng, bảng, bǎng, and bång

Tày

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Etymology

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From Vietnamese bằng. Doublet of pằng.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bằng

  1. diploma
    chỉa bằngdiploma (paper)
    đảy bằngto get a diploma

References

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  • Léopold Michel Cadière (1910) Dictionnaire Tày-Annamite-Français [Tày-Vietnamese-French Dictionary]‎[1] (in French), Hanoi: Impressions d'Extrême-Orient

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Sino-Vietnamese word from (level; even); originally the Northern reading. Its distribution likely already extended beyond Northern Vietnam by the time Vietnamese started to be written down in the Latin script. See also bình, the current chief form used in compounds and the main form in placenames in Southern Vietnam.

The expected reading of the Northern form would be *bềnh, which is unattested. Compare pairs such as bệnh vs. bịnh, nghênh vs. nghinh, lệnh vs. lịnh.

It is sometimes claimed that this form is due to the taboo of the title 北平王 (Bắc Bình/Bằng vương) of Quang Trung, but this is demonstrably false as bàng (as well as bàng an, bàng ien) is attested in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651), a dictionary based chiefly on the dialects of Northern Vietnam.

Adjective

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bằng

  1. (of a surface) flat
  2. (linguistics, poetry, of a tone) being a ngang or huyền tone
    Antonym: trắc
  3. (poetry, of a rhyme) carrying a bằng tone
  4. (mathematics) equal to
    một cộng một bằng haione plus one equal to two
  5. (geometry) congruent to
    góc A và góc B bằng nhauangle A and angle B are congruent (literally, “angle A and angle B are equal to each other”)
    góc A bằng góc Bangle A is congruent to angle B
Usage notes
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See also

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Derived terms

Etymology 2

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Sino-Vietnamese word from (rely on; on the basis of; by the means of; certificate; diploma).

Noun

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bằng

  1. diploma; certificate; license; degree
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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See also
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Preposition

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bằng

  1. by; by means of
    bằng đường bộby land
    bằng ô tôby car
    bằng tiếng Việtin Vietnamese
  2. made of
    bức tường bằng gạcha wall of bricks; a brick wall

Verb

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bằng

  1. (with vào) to count (on), to depend (on)
    • 2005, chapter 1, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):
      - Lúc bấy giờ mà bằng vào khí khái anh hùng, thân thủ hào kiệt của hai vị, tìm tới Lâm An bắt thằng gian thần ấy, ba người bọn ta ăn thịt uống máu y thì không phải ngồi đây ăn đậu hủ uống rượu lạnh!
      "If at the time I could've counted on the heroic indomitability and the great abilities of the two of you to go to Lín'ān and capture that treacherous courtier, the three of us would now be eating his flesh and drinking his blood rather than sitting here eating tofu and drinking cold rice wine!"

Etymology 3

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Sino-Vietnamese word from . See also đại bàng (eagle).

Noun

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(classifier con) bằng

  1. (rare, Chinese mythology) (chim ~) Peng, a giant mythical bird
    • Zhuangzi, ch. 1. English translation by James Legge; Vietnamese translation by Nguyễn Hiến Lê
      Biển Bắc có con cá gọi là cá côn, mình dài không biết mấy ngàn dặm. Nó biến thành con chim gọi là chim bằng, lưng rộng không biết mấy ngàn dặm.
      In the Northern Ocean there is a fish, the name of which is Kun - I do not know how many li in size. It changes into a bird with the name of Peng, the back of which is (also) - I do not know how many li in extent.

See also

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  • côn (Kun, a giant mythical fish)