cethair

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *kʷetwores, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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Old Irish cardinal numbers
 <  3 4 5  > 
    Cardinal : cethair
    Ordinal : cethramad
    Male personal : cethrar

cethair (feminine cetheoir)

  1. four

Inflection

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Irregular numeral
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative cethair cethéoir, cethéoraH cethairL
Vocative
Accusative cethriH cethéoraH
Genitive ceithreN cethéoraN ceithreN
Dative ceithrib cethéoraib ceithrib
Notes Initial mutations of a following noun:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: ceathair, ceithre
  • Manx: kiare
  • Scottish Gaelic: ceithir

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
cethair chethair cethair
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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