heshimu

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Swahili

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic حَشِمَ (ḥašima).

Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-heshimu (infinitive kuheshimu)

  1. to honour
  2. to respect

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -heshimu
Positive present -naheshimu
Subjunctive -heshimu
Negative -heshimu
Imperative singular heshimu
Infinitives
Positive kuheshimu
Negative kutoheshimu
Imperatives
Singular heshimu
Plural heshimuni
Tensed forms
Habitual huheshimu
Positive past positive subject concord + -liheshimu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuheshimu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naheshimu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninaheshimu/naheshimu tunaheshimu
2nd person unaheshimu mnaheshimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaheshimu wanaheshimu
other classes positive subject concord + -naheshimu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -heshimu)
Singular Plural
1st person siheshimu hatuheshimu
2nd person huheshimu hamheshimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) haheshimu hawaheshimu
other classes negative subject concord + -heshimu
Positive future positive subject concord + -taheshimu
Negative future negative subject concord + -taheshimu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -heshimu)
Singular Plural
1st person niheshimu tuheshimu
2nd person uheshimu mheshimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aheshimu waheshimu
other classes positive subject concord + -heshimu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siheshimu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeheshimu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeheshimu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliheshimu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliheshimu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aheshimu)
Singular Plural
1st person naheshimu twaheshimu
2nd person waheshimu mwaheshimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aheshimu waheshimu
m-mi(III/IV) waheshimu yaheshimu
ji-ma(V/VI) laheshimu yaheshimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaheshimu vyaheshimu
n(IX/X) yaheshimu zaheshimu
u(XI) waheshimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwaheshimu
pa(XVI) paheshimu
mu(XVIII) mwaheshimu
Perfect positive subject concord + -meheshimu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshaheshimu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jaheshimu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kiheshimu
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipoheshimu
Consecutive kaheshimu / positive subject concord + -kaheshimu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaheshimu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -niheshimu -tuheshimu
2nd person -kuheshimu -waheshimu/-kuheshimuni/-waheshimuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mheshimu -waheshimu
m-mi(III/IV) -uheshimu -iheshimu
ji-ma(V/VI) -liheshimu -yaheshimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiheshimu -viheshimu
n(IX/X) -iheshimu -ziheshimu
u(XI) -uheshimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuheshimu
pa(XVI) -paheshimu
mu(XVIII) -muheshimu
Reflexive -jiheshimu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -heshimu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -heshimuye -heshimuo
m-mi(III/IV) -heshimuo -heshimuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -heshimulo -heshimuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -heshimucho -heshimuvyo
n(IX/X) -heshimuyo -heshimuzo
u(XI) -heshimuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -heshimuko
pa(XVI) -heshimupo
mu(XVIII) -heshimumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -heshimu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeheshimu -oheshimu
m-mi(III/IV) -oheshimu -yoheshimu
ji-ma(V/VI) -loheshimu -yoheshimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choheshimu -vyoheshimu
n(IX/X) -yoheshimu -zoheshimu
u(XI) -oheshimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koheshimu
pa(XVI) -poheshimu
mu(XVIII) -moheshimu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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