émarger
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]émarger
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written émarge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of émarger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | émarger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | émargeant /e.maʁ.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | émargé /e.maʁ.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ |
émarges /e.maʁʒ/ |
émarge /e.maʁʒ/ |
émargeons /e.maʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
émargez /e.maʁ.ʒe/ |
émargent /e.maʁʒ/ |
| imperfect | émargeais /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ |
émargeais /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ |
émargeait /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ |
émargions /e.maʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
émargiez /e.maʁ.ʒje/ |
émargeaient /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | émargeai /e.maʁ.ʒe/ |
émargeas /e.maʁ.ʒa/ |
émargea /e.maʁ.ʒa/ |
émargeâmes /e.maʁ.ʒam/ |
émargeâtes /e.maʁ.ʒat/ |
émargèrent /e.maʁ.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | émargerai /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
émargeras /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
émargera /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
émargerons /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ |
émargerez /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
émargeront /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | émargerais /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
émargerais /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
émargerait /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
émargerions /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
émargeriez /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁje/ |
émargeraient /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ |
émarges /e.maʁʒ/ |
émarge /e.maʁʒ/ |
émargions /e.maʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
émargiez /e.maʁ.ʒje/ |
émargent /e.maʁʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | émargeasse /e.maʁ.ʒas/ |
émargeasses /e.maʁ.ʒas/ |
émargeât /e.maʁ.ʒa/ |
émargeassions /e.maʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
émargeassiez /e.maʁ.ʒa.sje/ |
émargeassent /e.maʁ.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ |
— | émargeons /e.maʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
émargez /e.maʁ.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “émarger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.