γωλεός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The word has been compared with Lithuanian guōlis (“den”), Latvian guoļa (“lair, nest”) and Armenian կաղաղ (kaġaġ, “hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *guol-. However, this comparison is uncertain and the influence of φωλεός (phōleós) must be reckoned.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡɔː.le.ós/ → /ɣo.leˈos/ → /ɣo.leˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡɔː.le.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡo.leˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣo.leˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣo.leˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣo.leˈos/

Noun

γωλεός • (gōleós) m (genitive γωλεοῦ); second declension

1. hole

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ γωλεός; τοῦ γωλεοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γωλεός ho gōleós	τὼ γωλεώ tṑ gōleṓ	οἱ γωλεοί hoi gōleoí
Genitive	τοῦ γωλεοῦ toû gōleoû	τοῖν γωλεοῖν toîn gōleoîn	τῶν γωλεῶν tôn gōleôn
Dative	τῷ γωλεῷ tôi gōleôi	τοῖν γωλεοῖν toîn gōleoîn	τοῖς γωλεοῖς toîs gōleoîs
Accusative	τὸν γωλεόν tòn gōleón	τὼ γωλεώ tṑ gōleṓ	τοὺς γωλεούς toùs gōleoús
Vocative	γωλεέ gōleé	γωλεώ gōleṓ	γωλεοί gōleoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “γωλεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• γωλεός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γωλεός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN