ζυγόω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ζῠγόν (zugón, “the yoke of a plow or carriage; a crossbar of the lyre”) +‎ -όω (-óō, “verbal suffix”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /zdy.ɡó.ɔː/ → /zyˈɣo.o/ → /ziˈɣo.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /zdy.ɡó.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /zyˈɡo.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /zyˈɣo.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /zyˈɣo.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ziˈɣo.o/

Verb

ζῠγόω • (zugóō)

1. to yoke or join together
2. to close or shut off
3. (figurative) to bring under the yoke or subdue

Inflection

   Present: ζῠγῶ, ζῠγοῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ζῠγῶ	ζῠγοῖς	ζῠγοῖ	ζῠγοῦτον	ζῠγοῦτον	ζῠγοῦμεν	ζῠγοῦτε	ζῠγοῦσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ζῠγῶ	ζῠγοῖς	ζῠγοῖ	ζῠγῶτον	ζῠγῶτον	ζῠγῶμεν	ζῠγῶτε	ζῠγῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ζῠγοίην, ζῠγοῖμῐ	ζῠγοίης, ζῠγοῖς	ζῠγοίη, ζῠγοῖ	ζῠγοῖτον, ζῠγοίητον	ζῠγοίτην, ζῠγοιήτην	ζῠγοῖμεν, ζῠγοίημεν	ζῠγοῖτε, ζῠγοίητε	ζῠγοῖεν, ζῠγοίησᾰν
	imperative		ζῠ́γου	ζῠγούτω	ζῠγοῦτον	ζῠγούτων		ζῠγοῦτε	ζῠγούντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ζῠγοῦμαι	ζῠγοῖ	ζῠγοῦται	ζῠγοῦσθον	ζῠγοῦσθον	ζῠγούμεθᾰ	ζῠγοῦσθε	ζῠγοῦνται
	subjunctive	ζῠγῶμαι	ζῠγοῖ	ζῠγῶται	ζῠγῶσθον	ζῠγῶσθον	ζῠγώμεθᾰ	ζῠγῶσθε	ζῠγῶνται
	optative	ζῠγοίμην	ζῠγοῖο	ζῠγοῖτο	ζῠγοῖσθον	ζῠγοίσθην	ζῠγοίμεθᾰ	ζῠγοῖσθε	ζῠγοῖντο
	imperative		ζῠγοῦ	ζῠγούσθω	ζῠγοῦσθον	ζῠγούσθων		ζῠγοῦσθε	ζῠγούσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ζῠγοῦν				ζῠγοῦσθαι
participle	m	ζῠγῶν				ζῠγούμενος
	f	ζῠγοῦσᾰ				ζῠγουμένη
	n	ζῠγοῦν				ζῠγούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἐζῠ́γουν, ἐζῠγούμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐζῠ́γουν	ἐζῠ́γους	ἐζῠ́γου	ἐζῠγοῦτον	ἐζῠγούτην	ἐζῠγοῦμεν	ἐζῠγοῦτε	ἐζῠ́γουν
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐζῠγούμην	ἐζῠγοῦ	ἐζῠγοῦτο	ἐζῠγοῦσθον	ἐζῠγούσθην	ἐζῠγούμεθᾰ	ἐζῠγοῦσθε	ἐζῠγοῦντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ζῠγώσω, ζῠγώσομαι, ζῠγωθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ζῠγώσω	ζῠγώσεις	ζῠγώσει	ζῠγώσετον	ζῠγώσετον	ζῠγώσομεν	ζῠγώσετε	ζῠγώσουσῐ(ν)
	optative	ζῠγώσοιμῐ	ζῠγώσοις	ζῠγώσοι	ζῠγώσοιτον	ζῠγωσοίτην	ζῠγώσοιμεν	ζῠγώσοιτε	ζῠγώσοιεν
middle	indicative	ζῠγώσομαι	ζῠγώσῃ, ζῠγώσει	ζῠγώσεται	ζῠγώσεσθον	ζῠγώσεσθον	ζῠγωσόμεθᾰ	ζῠγώσεσθε	ζῠγώσονται
	optative	ζῠγωσοίμην	ζῠγώσοιο	ζῠγώσοιτο	ζῠγώσοισθον	ζῠγωσοίσθην	ζῠγωσοίμεθᾰ	ζῠγώσοισθε	ζῠγώσοιντο
passive	indicative	ζῠγωθήσομαι	ζῠγωθήσῃ	ζῠγωθήσεται	ζῠγωθήσεσθον	ζῠγωθήσεσθον	ζῠγωθησόμεθᾰ	ζῠγωθήσεσθε	ζῠγωθήσονται
	optative	ζῠγωθησοίμην	ζῠγωθήσοιο	ζῠγωθήσοιτο	ζῠγωθήσοισθον	ζῠγωθησοίσθην	ζῠγωθησοίμεθᾰ	ζῠγωθήσοισθε	ζῠγωθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ζῠγώσειν			ζῠγώσεσθαι		ζῠγωθήσεσθαι
participle	m	ζῠγώσων			ζῠγωσόμενος		ζῠγωθησόμενος
	f	ζῠγώσουσᾰ			ζῠγωσομένη		ζῠγωθησομένη
	n	ζῠγῶσον			ζῠγωσόμενον		ζῠγωθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἐζῠ́γωσᾰ, ἐζῠγωσᾰ́μην, ἐζῠγώθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐζῠ́γωσᾰ	ἐζῠ́γωσᾰς	ἐζῠ́γωσε(ν)	ἐζῠγώσᾰτον	ἐζῠγωσᾰ́την	ἐζῠγώσᾰμεν	ἐζῠγώσᾰτε	ἐζῠ́γωσᾰν
	subjunctive	ζῠγώσω	ζῠγώσῃς	ζῠγώσῃ	ζῠγώσητον	ζῠγώσητον	ζῠγώσωμεν	ζῠγώσητε	ζῠγώσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ζῠγώσαιμῐ	ζῠγώσειᾰς, ζῠγώσαις	ζῠγώσειε(ν), ζῠγώσαι	ζῠγώσαιτον	ζῠγωσαίτην	ζῠγώσαιμεν	ζῠγώσαιτε	ζῠγώσειᾰν, ζῠγώσαιεν
	imperative		ζῠ́γωσον	ζῠγωσᾰ́τω	ζῠγώσᾰτον	ζῠγωσᾰ́των		ζῠγώσᾰτε	ζῠγωσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐζῠγωσᾰ́μην	ἐζῠγώσω	ἐζῠγώσᾰτο	ἐζῠγώσᾰσθον	ἐζῠγωσᾰ́σθην	ἐζῠγωσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐζῠγώσᾰσθε	ἐζῠγώσᾰντο
	subjunctive	ζῠγώσωμαι	ζῠγώσῃ	ζῠγώσηται	ζῠγώσησθον	ζῠγώσησθον	ζῠγωσώμεθᾰ	ζῠγώσησθε	ζῠγώσωνται
	optative	ζῠγωσαίμην	ζῠγώσαιο	ζῠγώσαιτο	ζῠγώσαισθον	ζῠγωσαίσθην	ζῠγωσαίμεθᾰ	ζῠγώσαισθε	ζῠγώσαιντο
	imperative		ζῠ́γωσαι	ζῠγωσᾰ́σθω	ζῠγώσᾰσθον	ζῠγωσᾰ́σθων		ζῠγώσᾰσθε	ζῠγωσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἐζῠγώθην	ἐζῠγώθης	ἐζῠγώθη	ἐζῠγώθητον	ἐζῠγωθήτην	ἐζῠγώθημεν	ἐζῠγώθητε	ἐζῠγώθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ζῠγωθῶ	ζῠγωθῇς	ζῠγωθῇ	ζῠγωθῆτον	ζῠγωθῆτον	ζῠγωθῶμεν	ζῠγωθῆτε	ζῠγωθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ζῠγωθείην	ζῠγωθείης	ζῠγωθείη	ζῠγωθεῖτον, ζῠγωθείητον	ζῠγωθείτην, ζῠγωθειήτην	ζῠγωθεῖμεν, ζῠγωθείημεν	ζῠγωθεῖτε, ζῠγωθείητε	ζῠγωθεῖεν, ζῠγωθείησᾰν
	imperative		ζῠγώθητῐ	ζῠγωθήτω	ζῠγώθητον	ζῠγωθήτων		ζῠγώθητε	ζῠγωθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ζῠγῶσαι			ζῠγώσᾰσθαι		ζῠγωθῆναι
participle	m	ζῠγώσᾱς			ζῠγωσᾰ́μενος		ζῠγωθείς
	f	ζῠγώσᾱσᾰ			ζῠγωσᾰμένη		ζῠγωθεῖσᾰ
	n	ζῠγῶσᾰν			ζῠγωσᾰ́μενον		ζῠγωθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: ἐζῠ́γωκᾰ, ἐζῠ́γωμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐζῠ́γωκᾰ	ἐζῠ́γωκᾰς	ἐζῠ́γωκε(ν)	ἐζῠγώκᾰτον	ἐζῠγώκᾰτον	ἐζῠγώκᾰμεν	ἐζῠγώκᾰτε	ἐζῠγώκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐζῠγώκω	ἐζῠγώκῃς	ἐζῠγώκῃ	ἐζῠγώκητον	ἐζῠγώκητον	ἐζῠγώκωμεν	ἐζῠγώκητε	ἐζῠγώκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐζῠγώκοιμῐ, ἐζῠγωκοίην	ἐζῠγώκοις, ἐζῠγωκοίης	ἐζῠγώκοι, ἐζῠγωκοίη	ἐζῠγώκοιτον	ἐζῠγωκοίτην	ἐζῠγώκοιμεν	ἐζῠγώκοιτε	ἐζῠγώκοιεν
	imperative		ἐζῠ́γωκε	ἐζῠγωκέτω	ἐζῠγώκετον	ἐζῠγωκέτων		ἐζῠγώκετε	ἐζῠγωκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐζῠ́γωμαι	ἐζῠ́γωσαι	ἐζῠ́γωται	ἐζῠ́γωσθον	ἐζῠ́γωσθον	ἐζῠγώμεθᾰ	ἐζῠ́γωσθε	ἐζῠ́γωνται
	subjunctive	ἐζῠγωμένος ὦ	ἐζῠγωμένος ᾖς	ἐζῠγωμένος ᾖ	ἐζῠγωμένω ἦτον	ἐζῠγωμένω ἦτον	ἐζῠγωμένοι ὦμεν	ἐζῠγωμένοι ἦτε	ἐζῠγωμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐζῠγωμένος εἴην	ἐζῠγωμένος εἴης	ἐζῠγωμένος εἴη	ἐζῠγωμένω εἴητον/εἶτον	ἐζῠγωμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ἐζῠγωμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ἐζῠγωμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ἐζῠγωμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ἐζῠ́γωσο	ἐζῠγώσθω	ἐζῠ́γωσθον	ἐζῠγώσθων		ἐζῠ́γωσθε	ἐζῠγώσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐζῠγωκέναι				ἐζῠγῶσθαι
participle	m	ἐζῠγωκώς				ἐζῠγωμένος
	f	ἐζῠγωκυῖᾰ				ἐζῠγωμένη
	n	ἐζῠγωκός				ἐζῠγωμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Pluperfect: ἐζῠγώκειν, ἐζῠγώμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐζῠγώκειν, ἐζῠγώκη	ἐζῠγώκεις, ἐζῠγώκης	ἐζῠγώκει(ν)	ἐζῠγώκετον	ἐζῠγωκέτην	ἐζῠγώκεμεν	ἐζῠγώκετε	ἐζῠγώκεσᾰν
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐζῠγώμην	ἐζῠ́γωσο	ἐζῠ́γωτο	ἐζῠ́γωσθον	ἐζῠγώσθην	ἐζῠγώμεθᾰ	ἐζῠ́γωσθε	ἐζῠ́γωντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ζῠ́γωμᾰ (zúgōma, noun)

References

• “ζυγόω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press