χιτών

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κῐθών (kithṓn) — Ionic
• κῐτών (kitṓn) — Doric
• χῐθών (khithṓn)

Etymology

Together with Mycenaean Greek 𐀑𐀵 (ki-to) and likely Latin tunica from some Central Semitic *kittān, as found in Aramaic כִּיתּוּנָא (kittōnā, “tunic”) / ܟܝܬܘܢܐ (kittōnā, “tunic”), Hebrew כֻּתֹּנֶת (kuttṓnĕṯ, “tunic”), which is derived from the local word for flax, found as Aramaic כּיתָּנָא (kittānā, “flax”) / ܟܬܢܐ (kettānā, “flax”), Akkadian 𒃰 (kitûm, “flax”), Sumerian 𒃰 (gada, “flax”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰi.tɔ̌ːn/ → /çiˈton/ → /çiˈton/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰi.tɔ̌ːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰiˈton/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /çiˈton/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /çiˈton/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /çiˈton/

Noun

χῐτών • (khitṓn) m (genitive χῐτῶνος); third declension

1. man's tunic
2. tunic
3. coat of mail
4. clothes
5. coat, covering
6. part of a shoe which covers the foot

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ χῐτών; τοῦ χῐτῶνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χῐτών ho khitṓn	τὼ χῐτῶνε tṑ khitône	οἱ χῐτῶνες hoi khitônes
Genitive	τοῦ χῐτῶνος toû khitônos	τοῖν χῐτώνοιν toîn khitṓnoin	τῶν χῐτώνων tôn khitṓnōn
Dative	τῷ χῐτῶνῐ tôi khitôni	τοῖν χῐτώνοιν toîn khitṓnoin	τοῖς χῐτῶσῐ / χῐτῶσῐν toîs khitôsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν χῐτῶνᾰ tòn khitôna	τὼ χῐτῶνε tṑ khitône	τοὺς χῐτῶνᾰς toùs khitônas
Vocative	χῐτών khitṓn	χῐτῶνε khitône	χῐτῶνες khitônes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “man's tunic”): ἱμάτιον (himátion), πέπλος (péplos), χλαμύς (khlamús)

Derived terms

• χαλκοχίτων (khalkokhítōn)
• χιτώνιον (khitṓnion)

Descendants

• English: chiton
• Greek: χιτώνας m (chitónas)
• Portuguese: quitão, quíton
• Russian: хито́н m (xitón)

Further reading

• “χιτών”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “χιτών”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “χιτών”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• χιτών in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• χιτών in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G5509 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • coat idem, page 141.
  • doublet idem, page 248.
  • frock idem, page 346.
  • jerkin idem, page 462.
  • skin idem, page 781.
  • slough idem, page 785.
  • tunic idem, page 900.
  • vest idem, page 949.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Noun

χιτών • (chitón) m

1. Katharevousa form of χιτώνας (chitónas)

Further reading

• χιτών on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el