ո

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See also: ռ, Ռ, Ո, and n

ո U+0578, ո
ARMENIAN SMALL LETTER VO
շ
[U+0577]
Armenian չ
[U+0579]

Armenian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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1=
2=Ո
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ո

ո lowercase (uppercase Ո)

  1. The 24th letter of Armenian alphabet, called ո (o). Transliterated as o. Represents а open-mid back rounded vowel: [ɔ] (but [vɔ] word-initially).
  2. A letter used in Armenian dialectology. Represents the diphthong [u͡o]. Transliterated as uo.

Usage notes

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The word-initial pronunciation of this letter as [vɔ] is a post-classical development. In modern Armenian, the older pronunciation is preserved only in the word ով (ov) and its derivatives, and also in the traditional orthography spelling of օվկիանոս (ōvkianos).

See also

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References

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  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009) Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian (London Oriental and African Language Library; 14), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, § 1.1.2
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1911) Hay barbaṙagitutʻiwn. Uruagic ew dasaworutʻiwn hay barbaṙneri (barbaṙagitakan kʻartēsov) [Armenian dialectology: A sketch and classification of Armenian dialects (with a dialect map)] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 8) (in Armenian), Moscow and Nor Nakhichevan: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 10
  • Ovsepjan, L. S., Gevorkjan, G. G. (2013) “Армянские диалекты (общий обзор) [Armenian dialects (general overview)]”, in Yuri B.Koryakov and Andrej A. Kibrik, editors, Языки мира: Реликтовые индоевропейские языки Передней и Центральной Азии [Languages of the World: Relict Indo-European languages of Western and Central Asia]‎[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Academia, page 324

Old Armenian

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Alternative forms

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  • ով (ov)before vowels

Etymology

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Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, but Martirosyan prefers derivation from *yós.

Pronoun

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ո՞ (o?)

  1. (interrogative) who?
    ո՞, ո՞ ոքo?, o? okʻwho?
    ո՞ ի ձէնջ իշխեսցէ առնել զայդo? i jēnǰ išxescʻē aṙnel zaydwho among you dare do that?
    ո՞ ոք ի մարդկանէo? okʻ i mardkanēwho is he that ...?
    գիտեմ ո՛ է դաgitem ó ē daI know who he is
    ո՛ ոք եւ իցէó okʻ ew icʻēwhoever he may be
    ո՞յր է մատեանսo?yr ē mateanswhose book is this?
    զո՞ խնդրէքzo? xndrēkʻwhom do you seek?
    ո՞յր եսo?yr eswho are you for?
    ո՞ւմ ասացերu?m asacʻerto whom have you spoken?
    ո՞ գիտէo? gitēwho knows?
    ո՞յք ոմանք իցենo?ykʻ omankʻ icʻenwho are they who ...?
    ո՞ւմ ի կապելոցu?m i kapelocʻto which of the prisoners?
    յո՞ւմ անձինyu?m anjinon which person?
    ո՞յք եմքo?ykʻ emkʻwho are we?
    ո եւ պէտo ew pētwhoever it may be
    յոյր սակս/սակիyoyr saks/sakiwhy? on what account? for what reason?
    ում եւ պետum ew petwhatever, whatsoever

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Armenian: ով (ov)

References

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  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “ո”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ո”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 523
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ո”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy

Ottoman Turkish

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Letter

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ո (vo or o)

  1. A letter of the Armeno-Turkish script, named վօ (vo). Represents mid back rounded vowel: [v]. Transliterated according to its Armenian pronunciation.

Usage notes

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This letter is only used in Armenian loans and in the formation of the digraph ու (u).

See also

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