پنجره

See also: تنجره

Ottoman Turkish

پنجره

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian پنجره (panjere, “window, lattice”).

Noun

پنجره • (pencere)

1. window, an opening which allows light and air from the outside

   Synonyms: دریچه (deriçe), روزن (revzen), طاق (tak)

Declension

declension of پنجره

	singular (مفرد)	plural (جمع)
nominative	پنجره (pencere)	پنجره‌لر (pencereler)
genitive	پنجره‌نڭ (pencereniñ)	پنجره‌لرڭ (pencereleriñ)
dative	پنجره‌یه (pencereye)	پنجره‌لره (pencerelere)
definite accusative	پنجره‌یی (pencereyi)	پنجره‌لری (pencereleri)
locative	پنجره‌ده (pencerede)	پنجره‌لرده (pencerelerde)
ablative	پنجره‌دن (pencereden)	پنجره‌لر‌دن (pencerelerden)

Derived terms

• طوان پنجرهسی (tavan penceresi, “dormer-window”)
• پنجره اچمق (pencere açmak, “to open a window”)
• یر پنجرهسی (yer penceresi, “spiracle”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: pencere
• → Abkhaz: аԥенџьыр (apendžər)
• → Crimean Tatar: pencere
• → Macedonian: пенџер (pendžer), пенџере (pendžere)
• → Serbo-Croatian: пенџер, pendžer

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “pencere”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3818
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پنجره”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 324
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Fenestra”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 561
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “پنجره”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 895
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “pencere”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “پنجره”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 454

Persian

Etymology

From Sanskrit पञ्जर (pañjara, “cage, skeleton”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [pan.d͡ʒa.ɾa]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰän.d͡ʒä.ɾä]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰän.d͡ʒä.ɾä]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰän.d͡ʒä.ɾä]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰän.d͡ʒä.ɾä]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰæn.d͡ʒæ.ɹe]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰän.d͡ʒä.ɾä]

Readings
Classical reading?	panjara
Dari reading?	panjara
Iranian reading?	panjare
Tajik reading?	panjara

Noun

Dari	کلکین
Iranian Persian	پنجره
Tajik	тиреза

پَنْجَرِه • (panjare) (plural پنجره‌ها (panjare-hâ))

1. (now especially Iran) window, lattice

   پنجره رو باز کردم ولی هوا هنوز خیلی گرمه.

   panjere ro bâz kardam vali havâ hanuz xeyli garm-e.

   I opened the window but it's still very hot.

Inflection

Basic forms of پنجره (panjere)
	singular	plural
bare	پنجره (panjeré)	پنجره‌ها (panjere-hấ) پنجره‌ا △ (panjereấ)
definitive direct object	پنجره را (panjeré râ) پنجره رو △ (panjerá ro)	پنجره‌ها را (panjere-hấ râ) پنجره‌ا رو △ (panjereấ ro)
ezâfe	پنجرهٔ (panjeré-ye)	پنجره‌های (panjere-hấ-ye) پنجره‌ای △ (panjereấ-ye)
marked indefinite or relative definite	پنجره‌ای (panjeré-i)	پنجره‌هایی (panjere-hấ-yi) پنجره‌ایی △ (panjereấ-yi)
△ Colloquial.

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: pəncərə
• → Gagauz: pencerä
• → Georgian: ფანჯარა (panǯara)
• → Khalaj: pəncərə
• → Middle Armenian: փանջարայ (pʻanǰaray), փանճարայ (pʻančaray)
  • Armenian: փանջարա (pʻanǰara)
• → Ottoman Turkish: پنجره (pencere)
  • Turkish: pencere
  • → Abkhaz: аԥенџьыр (apendžər)
  • → Crimean Tatar: pencere
  • → Macedonian: пенџер (pendžer), пенџере (pendžere)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: пенџер, pendžer
• → Turkmen: penjire
• → Urdu: پنجرہ