ਤੱਕ

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Punjabi

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit, from Sanskrit तर्क (tarka, inquiry, conjecture)

Noun

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ਤੱਕ (takkaf (Shahmukhi spelling تّک)

  1. courage, boldness, pluck, nerve
  2. expectation, hope

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit [Term?] (compare Sauraseni Prakrit *𑀢𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tavakka), *𑀢𑀸𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tāvakka)), from Sanskrit तावत्क (tā́vatka, bought for so much). Cognate with Hindi तक (tak) / Urdu تک (tak).

Postposition

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ਤੱਕ (takka) (Shahmukhi spelling تّک)

  1. until
  2. for (a period of time)
  3. up to

Etymology 3

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Verb

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ਤੱਕ (takka)

  1. singular intimate imperative of ਤੱਕਣਾ (takkaṇā)

References

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  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tāˊvatka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  • ਤੱਕ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024