ἀσκηθής

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. Apparently from ἀ- (a-, “not”) +‎ + *σκῆθος (*skêthos, “damage”) +‎ -ής (-ḗs, adjective suffix). Attempts have been made to connect the root with Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaþjan), but are unconvincing as Gothic 𐌸 (þ) does not match with Ancient Greek θ (th) per Grimm’s law unless the θ comes from Proto-Indo-European *th₂. However, the Gothic term is apparently connected to Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”), so the Greek term could ultimately be of PIE origin, albeit inherited through an intermediary source.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /as.kɛː.tʰɛ̌ːs/ → /as.ciˈθis/ → /as.ciˈθis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /as.kɛː.tʰɛ̌ːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /as.ke̝ˈtʰe̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /as.ciˈθis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /as.ciˈθis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /as.ciˈθis/

Adjective

ἀσκηθής • (askēthḗs) m or f (neuter ἀσκηθές); third declension

1. unhurt, unscathed, sound, healthy, unblemished

Inflection

Third declension of ἀσκηθής; ἀσκηθές (contracted, Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἀσκηθής askēthḗs	ἀσκηθές askēthés		ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî	ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî		ἀσκηθεῖς askētheîs	ἀσκηθῆ askēthê
Genitive		ἀσκηθοῦς askēthoûs	ἀσκηθοῦς askēthoûs		ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn	ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn		ἀσκηθῶν askēthôn	ἀσκηθῶν askēthôn
Dative		ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî	ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî		ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn	ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn		ἀσκηθέσῐ / ἀσκηθέσῐν askēthési(n)	ἀσκηθέσῐ / ἀσκηθέσῐν askēthési(n)
Accusative		ἀσκηθῆ askēthê	ἀσκηθές askēthés		ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî	ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî		ἀσκηθεῖς askētheîs	ἀσκηθῆ askēthê
Vocative		ἀσκηθές askēthés	ἀσκηθές askēthés		ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî	ἀσκηθεῖ askētheî		ἀσκηθεῖς askētheîs	ἀσκηθῆ askēthê
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ἀσκηθῶς askēthôs			ἀσκηθέστερος askēthésteros			ἀσκηθέστᾰτος askēthéstatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ἀσκηθής; ἀσκηθές (uncontracted, Epic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἀσκηθής askēthḗs	ἀσκηθές askēthés		ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέε askētheî / askēthée	ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέε askētheî / askēthée		ἀσκηθεῖς / ἀσκηθέες askētheîs / askēthées	ἀσκηθέᾰ askēthéa
Genitive		ἀσκηθέος / ἀσκηθεῦς askēthéos / askētheûs	ἀσκηθέος / ἀσκηθεῦς askēthéos / askētheûs		ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn	ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn		ἀσκηθέων askēthéōn	ἀσκηθέων askēthéōn
Dative		ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέῐ̈ askētheî / askēthéï	ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέῐ̈ askētheî / askēthéï		ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn	ἀσκηθοῖν askēthoîn		ἀσκηθέσῐ / ἀσκηθέσῐν askēthési(n)	ἀσκηθέσῐ / ἀσκηθέσῐν askēthési(n)
Accusative		ἀσκηθέᾰ askēthéa	ἀσκηθές askēthés		ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέε askētheî / askēthée	ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέε askētheî / askēthée		ἀσκηθέᾰς askēthéas	ἀσκηθέᾰ askēthéa
Vocative		ἀσκηθές askēthés	ἀσκηθές askēthés		ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέε askētheî / askēthée	ἀσκηθεῖ / ἀσκηθέε askētheî / askēthée		ἀσκηθεῖς / ἀσκηθέες askētheîs / askēthées	ἀσκηθέᾰ askēthéa
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ἀσκηθέως askēthéōs			ἀσκηθέστερος askēthésteros			ἀσκηθέστᾰτος askēthéstatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

References

• “ἀσκηθής”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀσκηθής”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀσκηθής”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀσκηθής in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀσκηθής in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀσκηθής in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN