ἄχερδος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἀγέρδα (agérda)

Etymology

According to Beekes, from a substrate root common to Albanian dardhë (“pear”). But this ignores the presence of Crimean Tatar kertme (“pear”), dialectal Turkish kertme (“pear”), Kipchak كرتما / chertme (“pear”), allegedly from the verb which is in Turkish kertmek (“to notch, to indent”) because originally meaning a sort of pear which was grafted, then having the transparent suffix -me (forms things created as the result of verbs), but also Ossetian кӕрдо (kærdo, “pear”), Chechen кхор (qor, “pear”), Ingush кхор (qor, “pear”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.kʰer.dos/ → /ˈa.çer.ðos/ → /ˈa.çer.ðos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.kʰer.dos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.kʰer.dos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.çer.ðos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.çer.ðos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.çer.ðos/

Noun

ᾰ̓́χερδος • (ákherdos) f (genitive ᾰ̓χέρδου); second declension

1. wild pear (Pyrus amygdaliformis)

   Synonyms: ἄπιος (ápios), ἀχράς (akhrás), ὄγχνη (ónkhnē)

Declension

Second declension of ἡ ᾰ̓́χερδος; τῆς ᾰ̓χέρδου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̓́χερδος hē ákherdos	τὼ ᾰ̓χέρδω tṑ akhérdō	αἱ ᾰ̓́χερδοι hai ákherdoi
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̓χέρδου tês akhérdou	τοῖν ᾰ̓χέρδοιν toîn akhérdoin	τῶν ᾰ̓χέρδων tôn akhérdōn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̓χέρδῳ têi akhérdōi	τοῖν ᾰ̓χέρδοιν toîn akhérdoin	ταῖς ᾰ̓χέρδοις taîs akhérdois
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̓́χερδον tḕn ákherdon	τὼ ᾰ̓χέρδω tṑ akhérdō	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓χέρδους tā̀s akhérdous
Vocative	ᾰ̓́χερδε ákherde	ᾰ̓χέρδω akhérdō	ᾰ̓́χερδοι ákherdoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “ἄχερδος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἄχερδος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄχερδος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Brands, Horst Wilfrid (1973) Studien zum Wortbestand der Türksprachen: Lexikalische Differenzierung, Semasiologie, Sprachgeschichte (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, page 110