かきくだす

Japanese

Alternative spellings
書き下す 書下す (dated)

Etymology

From 書(か)き (kaki, “連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 書(か)く (kaku).”) + 下(くだ)す (kudasu).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かきくだ​す [kàkíkúdáꜜsù] (Nakadaka – [4])
• (Tokyo) かきくだす [kàkíkúdású] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠kʲikɯ̟ᵝda̠sɨᵝ]

Verb

かきくだす • (kakikudasu) ^{←かきくだす (kakikudasu)?}godan (stem かきくだし (kakikudashi), past かきくだした (kakikudashita))

1. to annotate a literary Chinese text, transforming it into 書(か)き下(くだ)し文(ぶん) (kakikudashi bun)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "かきくだす" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	かきくださ	kakikudasa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	かきくだし	kakikudashi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	かきくだす	kakikudasu
Rentaikei ("attributive")	かきくだす	kakikudasu
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	かきくだせ	kakikudase
Meireikei ("imperative")	かきくだせ	kakikudase
Key constructions
Passive	かきくだされる	kakikudasareru
Causative	かきくださせる かきくださす	kakikudasaseru kakikudasasu
Potential	かきくだせる	kakikudaseru
Volitional	かきくだそう	kakikudasō
Negative	かきくださない	kakikudasanai
Negative continuative	かきくださず	kakikudasazu
Formal	かきくだします	kakikudashimasu
Perfective	かきくだした	kakikudashita
Conjunctive	かきくだして	kakikudashite
Hypothetical conditional	かきくだせば	kakikudaseba

Derived terms

• 書(か)き下(くだ)し文(ぶん) (kakikudashi bun)