𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +‎ *𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 (*swairban), from Proto-Germanic *swerbaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biˈswɛrban/, [biˈswɛrβan]

Verb

𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 • (biswairban)

1. to wipe
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 7:38:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐌼 𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌰𐍂𐍉 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹, 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌽 𐌽𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐍃 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌱 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌺𐌿𐌺𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐌼 𐌹𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌰

     jah standandei faura fōtum is aftarō greitandei, dugann natjan fōtuns is tagram jah skufta haubidis seinis biswarb jah kukida fōtum is jah gasalbōda þamma balsana

     And stood at his feet behind him weeping, and began to wash his feet with tears, and did wipe them with the hairs of her head, and kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 7:44b:

     𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌹 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌱.

     iþ si tagram seinaim ganatida meinans fōtuns jah skufta seinamma biswarb.

     but she hath washed my feet with tears, and wiped them with the hairs of her head. (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, John 11:2:

     𐍅𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰, 𐍃𐍉𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌱 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰, 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐌱𐍂𐍉𐌸𐌰𐍂 𐌻𐌰𐌶𐌰𐍂𐌿𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌺𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃.

     wasuh þan marja, sōei salbōda fraujan balsana jah biswarb fōtuns is skufta seinamma, þizōzei brōþar lazarus siuks was.

     It was that Mary which anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick. (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, John 12:3a:

     𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰 𐌽𐌰𐌼 𐍀𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃 𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐍀𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌱 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰

     iþ marja nam pund balsanis nardaus pistikeinis filugalaubis jah gasalbōda fōtuns iēsua jah biswarb fōtuns is skufta seinamma

     Then took Mary a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 3 strong
Infinitive	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 biswairban
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰 biswairba	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌱 biswarb	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰 biswairbada
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐍃 biswairbis	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍆𐍄 biswaurft	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌶𐌰 biswairbaza
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸 biswairbiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌱 biswarb	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰 biswairbada
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐍉𐍃 biswairbōs	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿 biswaurbu	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍃 biswairbats	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐍄𐍃 biswaurbuts	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌼 biswairbam	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐌼 biswaurbum	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 biswairbanda
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸 biswairbiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐌸 biswaurbuþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 biswairbanda
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳 biswairband	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐌽 biswaurbun	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 biswairbanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌿 biswairbau	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌿 biswaurbjau	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 biswairbaidau
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍃 biswairbais	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃 biswaurbeis	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 biswairbaizau
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹 biswairbai	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌹 biswaurbi	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 biswairbaidau
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 biswairbaiwa	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 biswaurbeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 biswairbaits	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 biswaurbeits	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 biswairbaima	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 biswaurbeima	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biswairbaindau
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸 biswairbaiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸 biswaurbeiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biswairbaindau
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 biswairbaina	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 biswaurbeina	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biswairbaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱 biswairb
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 biswairbadau
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍃 biswairbats
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸 biswairbiþ
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biswairbandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 biswairbands	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 biswaurbans

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 133